View clinical trials related to Leukemia.
Filter by:RATIONALE: Collecting and storing samples of tissue, blood, and body fluid from patients with cancer to study in the laboratory may help the study of cancer in the future. PURPOSE: This research study is collecting and storing blood and tissue samples from patients being evaluated for hematologic cancer.
The purpose of this study is to assess the response rate at 6 months in Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) patients, Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukaemia (CMML-2) patients, and Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) patients with up to 30% bone marrow blasts, treated with low-dose decitabine who have previously failed therapy with 5-azacitidine.
The main component in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is consist of anthracycline (such as daunorubicin or idarubicin) and cytarabine. Inter-individual variability of transport/metabolism of the chemotherapeutic agent and several genetic pathways involved in the drug action might be associated with different response following the treatment for AML usually consisted of chemotherapy and/or transplantation. One of potential pathways involved in the drug action is DNA repair pathway, accordingly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DNA repair machinery pathway might be a predictive marker for therapy outcomes in AML. Several genes were involved in the DNA repair machinery which are 1) Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway involved in the G1/S phase, 2) Homologous recombinational repair (HRR) pathway involved in the S/G2 phase. XRCC4, LIG4, MRN and ATM are well known genes involved in the NHEJ pathway, while MRE11, RAD50, NBS1 (MRN), RAD51, XRCC2, XRCC3, RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD 51D, RAD52 or RAD54 are known to be associated with HRR pathway. A study suggested that the SNPs in the DNA repair pathway was involved in the susceptibility of secondary AML developing after chemotherapy or autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, thus these SNP markers could become a predictive marker for secondary AML. However, it has never been investigated for multiple candidate pathways simultaneously with relateively larger number of patients. Accordingly, the current study attempts to investigate the potential role of the genotype markers in multiple candidate pathways, esp. focused on the DNA repair machinery, with respect to response following chemotherapy or survival of AML patients. Total of over 500 archived samples from the patients diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia at the Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea will be included, and genomic DNAs will be extracted and will be examined for their genotypes of the candidate SNPs involved in the DNA repair pathways. Then statistical analysis will be pursued for single marker analysis, haplotype analysis and for the construction of genetic risk model based on the multivariate analysis.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common form of childhood cancer with current treatment survival rates approaching 80%. Improved outcomes show an increased number of survivors at risk for long-term treatment related side effects including osteonecrosis. Osteonecrosis, or bone death, is caused by blood supply loss to the bone causing pain and poor quality of life. The hips, shoulders, knees and ankles may be affected. Pain is the usual presenting symptom and may become severe requiring surgical decompression or replacement of the affected joint. Long-term effects including arthritis and progressive joint difficulties will not be known for decades. This study aims to determine the risk factors for developing osteonecrosis that will lead to information for earlier detection and prevention. The study will be the basis for future intervention and prevention trials.
Background: - Researchers who are studying hairy cell leukemia, and how the disease compares with other disorders, are interested in obtaining additional samples from leukemia patients and healthy volunteers. The investigators are particularly interested in samples from individuals who have diseases that can be treated with a new type of drug called immunotoxin, in which an antibody carrying a toxin binds to a cancer cell and allows the toxin to kill the cell. Objectives: - To collect a variety of clinical samples, including blood, urine, lymph samples, and other tissues, in order to study the samples and develop new treatments for leukemia. Eligibility: - Individuals 18 years of age and older who have been diagnosed with leukemia or other kinds of blood and lymphatic system cancers, or who are healthy volunteers. Design: - Individuals who have leukemia will be asked to provide blood, bone marrow, urine, and tumor tissue samples as requested by the researchers. Healthy volunteers will provide only blood and urine samples. - No treatment will be given as part of this protocol.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is not a single disease, but a composite of heterogeneous subgroup. Accordingly, more sophisticated classification in ALL is essential to achieve further improvement of treatment outcomes. However, only a few genetic markers are revealed to have significant prognostic implications in ALL patients. The current study is designed to stratify the ALL patients according to their prognosis and to predict their outcomes by a pharmacogenetic approach. A predictive model will be generated from 130 genotypes in adult ALL patients diagnosed at the Samsung Medical Center (SMC), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,Korea between 1994 and 2008. The validation of the predictive model will be performed using an independent external cohort of ALL patients. 1. Definition of the cohort: two hundred ALL patients from the SMC as a test set, another 100 patients from the SMC as a first validation set, and another 150 independent external patients as second external validation set. DNAs will be extracted and stored from patients' samples collected at the time of diagnosis. 2. In the test set, genotypes will be determined using a MALDI-TOF based platform (Sequenom, San Diego, CA, USA) for 130 SNPs of the candidate genes involved in DNA repair pathway, drug metabolism/transport pathway and folate metabolism pathway. 3. Bioinformatic analyses will be performed to identify around 13 genotypes (10%) having strongest predictive significance out of these 130 SNPs in terms of their treatment outcomes, drug toxicity and prognosis in the test set. 4. These 13 genotypes will be validated in the first cohort of 100 ALL patients using a multivariate Cox's proportional hazard model. 5. The predictive model will be built up based on Cox's proportional hazard model derived from 13 candidate genotypes and clinical risk factors. 6. The predictive model based on pharmacogenetic information will be validated again in the second, independent external cohort of 150 ALL patients. Definite prognostic value was not established for genetic or molecular markers in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) except BCR/ABL fusion gene. The current study attempts to build up a predictive model based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with pharmacogenetic approach using 130 genotypes in the multiple candidate pathways such as DNA repair pathway, drug metabolism / transport pathway and folate metabolism pathway. The predictive model based on SNPs will be generated and validated with respect to treatment outcomes, drug toxicity and prognosis in adult ALL patients. The present study will demonstrate that: 1) Pharmacogenetic information derived from SNPs involved in the DNA repair pathway, drug metabolism/transport pathway and folate metabolism pathway, is helpful to predict the treatment outcomes, drug toxicity and prognosis in ALL patients; 2) Predictive model derived from pharmacogenetic information will be effective and reasonable approach to stratify ALL patients according to their clinical outcomes; 3) The SNP-based predictive model could be reasonably applied to the treatment of ALL patients, thus becoming a basis for further improvement of treatment outcome; 4) Finally, this project will enhance and facilitate the pharmacogenetic research in the hematology area, thus make the team to lead the pharmacogenetic research in the world.
The most reliable prognostic marker of acute myeloid leukemia(AML) is cytogenetics by karyotyping. According to cytogenetic results, the patients with AML are classified as better, intermediate and poor prognosis groups. The normal karyotype AML was reported in about 50% of all AML and classified as intermediate risk group. However, the patients with normal karyotype AML showed various prognosis. Therefore, the further studies about subgroup analysis of normal karyotype AML are needed. Recently, the understandings of human genome polypmorphism using SNP array have been accumulated. However, the advanced researches for clinical application are not enough. The study design is a retrospective and single-center study. The patients with normal karyotyping AML who were diagnosed from 1994 to 2008 at Samsung Medical Center (South Korea) will be enrolled. The stored bone marrow samples of enrolled patients are used for genome wide scanning by SNP array. The purpose of present study is to develop predictive pharmacogenemic biomarkers model associated wit clinical outcomes including efficacy and toxicity in patients with AML with normal karyotype treated with chemotherapy using pharmacogenetic SNP array. And secondly, to develop enrichment clinical trial based on predictive pharmacogenomic model.
Core binding factor (CBF) positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) consist of 15% of patients in overall AML, expected to harbor a favorable prognosis. However, around a half of cases relapses. Accordingly, more sophisticated classification in CBF positive AMLs is essential to achieve further improvement in the treatment outcome. The current study is designed to evaluate CBF positive AML patients with genome-wide SNP array and KIT mutation study in CBF positive AML patients diagnosed at the Samsung Medical Center and Hwasun Chonnam National University Hospital, Korea between 1994 and 2008. 1. Construction of the CBF positive AML patient cohort: clinical database establishment (including treatment outcomes and prognosis) and extraction/storage of tumor cell DNAs from marrow samples, then processing of Affymetrix SNP array 6.0. 2. Construction of prognostic predictive model using pharmacogenomics with the results of genotypes and copy number variations (CNVs). 3. Detection of hidden microscopic cytogenetic lesions with SNP array technique, and correlation with clinical outcomes in CBF positive AML. 4. Detection of KIT, FLT3/ITD, and NPM1 gene mutation and its correlation with clinical outcomes in CBF positive AML. The current study attempts to analyze genetic data of core binding factor (CBF) positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) using genome wide SNP array technique with tumor DNAs collected at the time of diagnosis. 1. To detect microcytogenetic lesions and will analyze its prognostic significance 2. To analyze genome-wide genotypes and copy number variations (CNVs) using pharmacogenetic approach and will construct a prognostic predictive model 3. To detect KIT, FLT3/ITD and NPM1 mutation and evaluate its prognostic significance. The present study will establish individualized therapy for CBF positive AML, will provide a basis for molecular marker guided clinical trial in CBF positive AML.
Prospective use of RT-PCR for PML/RARa might be used to guide a total tehrapy approach in APL, including refined diagnosis, front-line treatment, assessment of response and anticipated salvage therapy for patients who undergo molecular relapse.
The main purposes of the AIDA protocol are to test the role of intermittent maintenance therapy with ATRA, standard maintenance chemotherapy with methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine of both in PCR negative patients at the end of the consolidation phase and to evaluate the role of allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation in PCR positive patients at the end of the consolidation phase.