The Influence of Breakfast on Hormone Responses & Cognitive Performance

Status Completed

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this study is to see what effect skipping breakfast versus consuming breakfast has on cognitive performance and the hormones responsible for glucose homeostasis in lean and obese adolescent males. The subjects will be tested on their ability to maintain attention when given several tasks called continuous temporal expectancy tasks (CTET) and electrophysiological signals using electroencephalogram (EEG) will be monitored. These two study groups will be randomized to one of two orders: (A,B) or (B,A) where A = breakfast intervention and B = no breakfast. There will be a washout period of 7 days in between study visits.

Clinical Trial Description

Eating unhealthy foods and not exercising regularly contributes to obesity in children. Other unhealthy behaviors, such as skipping meals can also lead to obesity. Breakfast is known to be the most important meal of the day, yet many people skip breakfast. Skipping breakfast can cause an imbalance in the hormones that control blood glucose. Skipping breakfast can affect how well insulin works at lowering blood glucose at later meal times. The impact of breakfast on glucose homeostasis is different from that of lunch and dinner. This became evident when a group of researchers studied the effect of skipping breakfast on hormone responses after subsequent isocaloric lunch and dinner in adults with Type 2 diabetes. The study showed that in Type 2 diabetics, skipping breakfast leads to increased post-prandial hyperglycemia and decreased glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) release, impairing the insulin response to hyperglycemia. Plasma free fatty acids (FFA) levels were found to be significantly higher after lunch and dinner when breakfast was omitted. It has been shown that acute elevation of FFA induces hepatic insulin resistance and increased hepatic glucose production in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and in non-diabetic controls. Impaired insulin secretion can predispose to conditions such as obesity, and other diseases. Skipping breakfast can also have a negative effect on children's ability to keep focus and attention. The CTET is a tool that can be used to directly measure attention using an EEG and is a highly sensitive measure of neural processing. ;

Study Design

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

Insulin Resistance

Clinical Trial Details

NCT number	NCT03005951
Study type	Interventional
Source	Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Contact
Status	Completed
Phase	N/A
Start date	August 30, 2017
Completion date	January 1, 2019

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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.

Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.

The Influence of Breakfast on Hormone Responses and Cognitive Performance

Clinical Trial Summary

Clinical Trial Description

Study Design

Related Conditions & MeSH terms