Insulin Resistance and Testosterone in Women

Insulin Resistance Clinical Trial

Official title:

Insulin Resistance and Testosterone in Non-Diabetic Postmenopausal Women

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00123110
• Other study ID #: AG0031
• Secondary ID: K23AG019161K23AG
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: July 2005
• Est. completion date: December 2011

Study information

• Verified date: May 2019
• Source: University of Pennsylvania
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this research study is to determine if a relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and testosterone (T) exists in women who have already gone through menopause.

Description:

This study tests the central hypothesis that insulin resistance (IR) increases androgen (male sex hormone) production in postmenopausal women. Participation will include five visits, each lasting on average 2.5 hours, over a period of 13-20 weeks.

At the screening visit, the participant's medical history, current use of medications and dietary supplements, and social habits will be recorded. This information will be reviewed on each subsequent visit; participants are asked to maintain their current diet and physical activity level throughout the study.

A brief physical exam will be performed, and blood will be drawn.

At the 2nd (baseline) visit, patients will undergo a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (a procedure to measure insulin sensitivity by continuous intravenous infusion of insulin, and variable infusion of glucose). Blood samples will be drawn throughout the procedure. At completion, the insulin infusion will be stopped, participants will be fed, and the glucose infusion continued for at least 15 minutes to ensure stability of the blood glucose concentration. After the procedure, participants will be randomized to receive either metformin plus leuprolide placebo, leuprolide plus metformin placebo, or metformin placebo plus leuprolide placebo. The leuprolide or leuprolide placebo will be administered as an injection by a nurse. The metformin or metformin placebo will be dispensed to the participant in the form of pills, with instructions for titrating the dose. Participants will be contacted by telephone once weekly during the titration period to assess drug tolerability and adverse events (AEs). Participants will be maintained at their maximum tolerated dose for the duration of the study intervention period.

Participants will return every 4 weeks for follow-up. Blood will be drawn, the nurse will administer the leuprolide or leuprolide placebo injection, and metformin or metformin placebo will be dispensed. At the final visit (week 12), participants will undergo a brief physical exam, and will then undergo a final euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 35
• Est. completion date: December 2011
• Est. primary completion date: December 2011
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 50 Years to 79 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years with absence of menses for 12 months; for women 50-54 years, Follicle stimulating hormone>30 U/mL to confirm postmenopausal status

• At least one intact ovary

• Free testosterone and fasting insulin levels within required study parameters

• Willing to comply with all study-related procedures

• Capable of giving informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of cancer requiring treatment within the past 5 years (exceptions may be made by investigator)

• Hospitalization for treatment of vascular disease in the past 6 months

• Uncontrolled hypertension

• Hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma in the past 3 months

• Use of continuous oxygen at home

• Surgery in the last 30 days

• Positive for HIV

• Abnormal blood tests (hemoglobin, fasting triglycerides, fasting glucose, creatinine, liver function)

• History of diabetes mellitus or use of any anti-hyperglycemic medication in the past 3 months

• Disease associated with disordered glucose metabolism (Cushing's disease, acromegaly, pheochromocytoma not surgically cured, chronic pancreatitis)

• History of chronic renal insufficiency

• Intravenous (IV) contrast studies with iodinated materials planned for the 12 week intervention period that cannot be postponed according to the participant's primary care provider

• Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis

• History of liver disease

• Congestive heart failure

• History of androgen-secreting tumors

• Hormone replacement therapy or antiandrogen use in past 6 months

• Use of dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA) or other androgen-containing products in past 6 months

• Corticosteroid use, other than topical, ophthalmic, intraarticular, and inhaled preparations, in past 3 months

• Undiagnosed current vaginal bleeding

• Excessive alcohol intake, either acute or chronic; current illicit substance abuse

• Participation in an investigational drug study within 6 weeks prior to screening visit

• Serious or unstable medical or psychological conditions that, in the opinion of the investigator, would compromise the patient's safety or successful participation in the study

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Insulin Resistance
• Postmenopause

Intervention

Drug:
• metformin
Initiated on 500 mg daily and titrated up to 1000 mg twice a day during the first four weeks, remaining at that dose until 12 weeks
• leuprolide injection
3.75 mg injection every 4 weeks (e.g. at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks)
• placebo pill
matching pill twice a day for 12 weeks
• placebo injection
matching injection every 4 weeks (e.g. baseline, 4, and 8 weeks)

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	University of Pennsylvania Clinical and Translational Research Center	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania

Sponsors (6)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of Pennsylvania	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute on Aging (NIA), TAP Pharmaceutical Products Inc., The John A. Hartford Foundation, University of Pennsylvania Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (DERC)

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (4)

Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz WH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA. 2002 Jan 16;287(3):356-9. — View Citation

Golden SH, Ding J, Szklo M, Schmidt MI, Duncan BB, Dobs A. Glucose and insulin components of the metabolic syndrome are associated with hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Am J Epidemiol. 2004 Sep 15;160(6):540-8. — View Citation

Larsson H, Ahrén B. Androgen activity as a risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance in postmenopausal women. Diabetes Care. 1996 Dec;19(12):1399-403. — View Citation

Oh JY, Barrett-Connor E, Wedick NM, Wingard DL; Rancho Bernardo Study. Endogenous sex hormones and the development of type 2 diabetes in older men and women: the Rancho Bernardo study. Diabetes Care. 2002 Jan;25(1):55-60. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Percent Change in Free Testosterone (T)	Percent change in free T by equilibrium dialysis between baseline and 12 weeks	Baseline to 12 weeks
Primary	Change in Insulin Sensitivity	Change in insulin sensitivity (mg/kg/min) calculated from hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp	baseline and 12 weeks
Secondary	Percent Change in Luteinizing Hormone (LH) From Baseline		baseline and 12 weeks
Secondary	Percent Change in Homeostasis Model Assessment Index of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)	Insulin resistance calculated from homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) equation: fasting insulin x fasting glucose / 405. Higher values indicate more insulin resistance.	baseline and 12 weeks
Secondary	Percent Change in Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)		baseline and 12 weeks
Secondary	Percent Change in Systolic Blood Pressure		baseline and 12 weeks
Secondary	Free T and IR in Women in Whom Metabolic Syndrome is Present vs. Absent		baseline and 12 weeks
Secondary	Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEA-S)		baseline and 12 weeks
Secondary	Body Mass Index (BMI)		baseline and 12 weeks