Influenza Clinical Trial
Official title:
Comparison of the Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza A and Influenza B Cases in Manitoba, Canada
This study compares the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of laboratory confirmed influenza type A to type B following clinical diagnosis of influenza. Multivariate models are used to assess the effects of influenza type on clinical outcomes while accounting for potential confounders.
Annual epidemics of influenza are an important public health problem globally and in Canada.
Each year, 10-25% of the Canadian population become infected with influenza. Most of these
infections are typically asymptomatic or associated with a mild self-limiting illness.
However, influenza can cause severe illness leading to hospitalization and death, especially
among the very young, the elderly and among those with underlying chronic conditions. It has
been estimated that on average about 4,000 influenza-related deaths occur in Canada each
year. In addition, the economic burden of influenza is significant because of the high
direct costs associated with increased utilization of services and the indirect costs caused
by school and work absenteeism.
This project compares laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza A and B in terms of their
epidemiology, and the overall and cause-specific incidence rates of important clinical
outcomes including physician visits, hospitalization and death following clinical diagnosis
of influenza cases in Manitoba over the period from 1993 to 2008.
The study assesses secular and seasonal trends in the incidence rates of influenza A and B
cases in Manitoba during the period of 1993-2008, to determine whether these rates vary for
different subsets of the population defined by demographic (e.g., age group, gender),
socioeconomic, geographic (neighborhood of residence) and clinical (e.g., vaccination,
presence of chronic conditions, immune status) characteristics.
The analysis by influenza type then compares the overall and cause-specific incidence rates
of physician visits, hospitalization and death following the diagnosis of a
laboratory-confirmed influenza. The effects of influenza type on clinical outcomes (e.g.,
hospitalization) are assessed with multivariate models while accounting for potential
confounding by demographic, socioeconomic, geographic and clinical (e.g., co-morbidity,
immune status) characteristics.
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Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Retrospective
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