The Effect of Proximity on Flu-Shot Participation

Influenza Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Effect of Proximity on Flu-Shot Participation

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01455753
• Other study ID #: 0006
• Secondary ID: P30AG034532P01AG
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• First received: October 12, 2011
• Last updated: December 14, 2017
• Start date: October 2011
• Est. completion date: May 2012

Study information

• Verified date: December 2017
• Source: National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Using desk location information and employees' building entry/exit swipe card data from a company that offered a free 2-day worksite influenza vaccination clinic, we separately identify the vaccination effects of base proximity—the inverse of walking distance between one's desk and the clinic—and functional proximity—the likelihood of passing near the clinic during the course of a normal work day (ie, days when the clinic is not open).

Description:

We study the 2011 influenza vaccine uptake of employees at the headquarters of a health benefits administrator in the United States. These employees are generally not health care personnel. All of them have health insurance. Of the company's total workforce (including those not based at the headquarters), 26% are African Americans and 37% are racial minorities.

There are 2 main buildings at the company headquarters. Building One houses 520 employees and is the site of the vaccination clinic; Building Two houses 1281 employees. The 2 buildings are 131 meters apart and connected by an enclosed passageway. The clinic was located near the cafeteria in Building One and adjacent to the passageway connecting the 2 buildings. The clinic was conducted from October 19 to 20, 2011, and it was advertised during the 3 weeks prior.

The company requires employees to swipe a personalized electronic badge to open the external doors of its buildings, which include the doors to the passageway between the buildings. The company provided us data on the date and time of each swipe in September and October 2011. If an employee swipes her badge and holds the door open for another employee, we do not observe that other employee. The badge swipe data are therefore an incomplete measure of all movements between the buildings. The company also gave us data on employee characteristics and vaccination uptake, scaled architectural plans of the buildings, and employee desk maps.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 1801
• Est. completion date: May 2012
• Est. primary completion date: May 2012
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Employee of Express Scripts.

• Eligible to receive a flu shot at Express Scripts.

• Over 18 years of age.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Children

• Non Express Scripts employees

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Human
• Influenza

Intervention

Other:
• Functional Proximity
Using each employee's building entry/exit swipe card data, we test whether functional proximity—the likelihood that the employee walks by the clinic for reasons other than vaccination—predicts whether the employee gets vaccinated at the clinic.
• Base Proximity
We also test whether base proximity—the inverse of walking distance from the employee's desk to the clinic—predicts vaccination probability.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Express Scripts	Saint Louis	Missouri

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.	National Institute on Aging (NIA)

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (1)

Beshears J, Choi JJ, Laibson DI, Madrian BC, Reynolds GI. Vaccination Rates are Associated With Functional Proximity But Not Base Proximity of Vaccination Clinics. Med Care. 2016 Jun;54(6):578-83. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000523. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Receipt of influenza vaccine	The investigators will measure whether proximity to a flu shot clinic effected whether an employee received an influenza vaccine.	One week
Secondary	Absenteeism	The investigators will measure absenteeism in employees who received a flu shot versus employees who did not receive a flu shot.	The investigators will follow employees' absenteeism for five to six months
Secondary	Demographic characteristics on flu shot participation	The investigators will explore how demographic characteristics correlate to employees receiving an influenza vaccination.	Up to 3 years