View clinical trials related to Infections.
Filter by:Postoperative urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect 20-30% of patients undergoing elective gynecologic surgery and have a significant socioeconomic impact and cost. Preoperative antibiotics, sterile operating techniques, postoperative antibiotic and non-antibiotic medical therapies have been utilized to attempt to decrease this rate with little improvement. Utilization of an intraoperative antibiotic cystoscopic irrigant may decrease postoperative UTIs. The investigators have designed a prospective randomized controlled study to evaluate the effectiveness of an antibiotic cystoscopic fluid in preventing postoperative urinary tract infections in women undergoing elective pelvic floor surgery with cystoscopy.
This PAR (participatory action research) study to improve antibiotic prescribing quality in a GPC (general practitioner cooperative) during OOH-care (out-of-hours-care) uses a mixed methods approach using qualitative as well as quantitative techniques. In a first exploratory phase we will work on partnership development and mapping the existing issues. In a second phase the focus will be on facilitating change and implementing interventions through PDSA (plan do study act) cycles. In a third phase outcomes on prescribing quality during and outside office hours will be evaluated. Equally important is the process evaluation and theory building on improving antibiotic prescribing through PAR.
Viral infections remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT), especially after myelo-ablative conditioning and if the donor is antigen-mismatched or haplo-identical.. In the described setting the patient's own immune system has been destroyed by the necessary highly immuno- and myelo-ablative conditioning and all memory against infections has been deleted. Therefore, there is a high risk for several viral infections and other infectious organisms.Both primary viral infections and reactivations can occur, and patients can become refractory to antiviral treatments, or in some cases an adequate antiviral treatment is unavailable or too toxic. In this study, the investigators will target CMV, as refractory CMV infection and disease is accompanied by an extremely high mortality rate and therefore the development of new treatment approaches is required. Despite the available antiviral drugs, a considerable number of patients are facing an insufficient control of CMV reactivation after SCT. Because reconstitution of CMV-specific T cells confer protection against the development of CMV disease after SCT, attempts have been made to restore antiviral immunity by direct infusion of CMV-specific T cells. Most clinical cellular immunotherapy protocols for CMV treatment have used CMV-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell lines generated by repetitive in vitro stimulation with CMV antigens with success. Despite the proven efficacy, use of cellular therapy in the clinic has been limited, because the approach is time and labor consuming and requires specialized facility allowing handling of the therapeutic cells according to good manufacturing practice. In addition, no sustained response was seen after adoptive transfer that involved only cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. This phenomenon is supported by the fact that recall responses to latent infections depend on the presence of CD4+ T cells to help cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. An alternative approach for the transfer of T-cell immunity is the isolation of Ag-specific T cells ex vivo from the blood of CMV seropositive donors, based on interferon γ (IFN-γ) secretion of T cells after in vitro stimulation with viral Ag, resulting in a combination of CD4+ T helper and cytotoxic CD8+ CMV specific T cells. Using this strategy, a short-term ex vivo protocol was developed for the isolation of pp65 (CMV immunodominant protein)-specific T cells. Since then, several centers have used this protocol in the clinic, infusing low numbers of pp65-specific T cells, that were able to restore protective T-cell immunity against CMV in a post SCT setting in patients with refractory CMV disease or viremia. For this protocol the investigators have set up and validated this method of CMV-specific T-cell generation in the Ghent University Hospital and the investigators will make it available for other Belgian transplant centers.
Substance misuse is a common problem among HIV+ individuals. Research suggests that a Screening, Brief Intervention, and Treatment (SBIRT) model can be effective in reducing substance misuse in the general older adult population; however these findings have not been verified in the more vulnerable HIV+ older adult population. The present study seeks to address the problem of substance misuse in older HIV+ adults by piloting a SBIRT model for older HIV+ adults in a in a primary care setting. Individual reductions in alcohol and drug use can have significant effects on public health and safety when observed over a large population at risk for substance use problems. With wider dissemination statewide, a relatively low-cost intervention such as SBIRT could offer demonstrated benefits in this population.
This is a prospective clinical validation study of a novel regulatory approved (CE-IVD) diagnostic assay called ImmunoXpert™ that will enroll 1222 pediatric patients. The study aims to externally validate the tool's diagnostic accuracy and estimate the potential improvement in health and economic outcomes following the usage of ImmunoXpert™. Additionally, statistical analysis will be performed to compare ImmunoXpert™ accuracy to current practice lab testing (e.g. WBC, CRP, and PCT) and clinical suspicion at time of requisition. Enrolled patients will be managed according to the current standard of care and per standard institutional procedures.
The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of eravacycline compared to ertapenem in treating participants with complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI).
The purpose of this study is to validate the diagnostic accuracy of a novel host-response based diagnostic tool for differentiating between bacterial and viral etiologies in adult patients aged 18 years and older with clinical suspicion of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI)
The problem of interest is that doctors are looking for new antibiotic treatments for bone and joint infections. Treatment for bone and joint infection is not standardized, which allows a wide range of antibiotic therapy to potentially be given. A type of bacteria called S. aureus is the most common cause of bone and joint infection. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a type of bacteria that is not killed by some antibiotics, and it is increasingly common in U.S. and non-U.S. medical centers. This problem will be studied by investigating whether an antibiotic called tedizolid is tolerable, safe and effective to treat bone and joint infections.
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality for recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT). we propose to study the immunologic and virologic effects of donor derived CMV specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CMV-CTL) given to transplant recipients CMV antigen peptides will be used to induce the CMV antigen specific T lymphocytes derived from donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells for a period of 18~21 days.The patients will receive CMV-CTL cells when they are sero-positive for CMV-DNA 30 days after transplant. The CMV-DNA level will be monitored weekly after transfusion.
Australia was one of the countries to implement a universal school-based male vaccination program - in 2013. This research project will examine the prevalence of HPV among young men who have sex with men (MSM) who have been offered school-based HPV vaccination.