View clinical trials related to Infection, Bacterial.
Filter by:Intensive care (IC) patients regularly get infections. Sometimes it is even the reason of admission to the intensive care unit. To treat these infections, we give medicines called antibiotics, such as β-lactams antibiotics. Every IC patient receives the same dose of β-lactams antibiotics, while we know this can lead to undertreatment in some IC patients. The BATMAN risk score was created to predict which IC patient is undertreated. This study aims to validate the BATMAN risk score so it can be used in clinical practice.
The process of removing bacteria and their products from the root canals is an essential step that is achieved through the combination of mechanical preparation and irrigation with chemicals. However, mechanical preparation alone can not reduce the microbial formations inside root canals, so at least about 35% of the root canal walls remain without the preparation tools reaching them. Many irrigants were used to irrigate the root canals, as sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine are the most famous. Although most studies have proven the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite with its different concentrations in accomplishing this task, some of them showed the inability of the irrigant fluid to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis inside the canals. These bacteria are highly resistant, and therefore endodontic treatment fails in the long term.
High calorie formula (Oral Nutrition Supplement/ONS) are products used for oral nutrition support with the aim to increase the nutritional intake. they are a nutrition treatment option children with limited intake. ONS are typically used in addition to a normal diet, when diet alone is insufficient to meet daily nutritional requirement due to infection or others. ONS should be treated like medication, ensure they are labelled with the patient's name and provided at the prescribed time. It is well established that nutritional deficiency or inadequate can impair immune function. Growing evidence suggest that for certain conditions, the nutrient needs will be increased, so it is needed to provide the nutrient intake above currently recommended levels, in order to help optimizing the immune function, including improving the defense function and thus resistance to infection while maintaining tolerance. Purposes: 1. to analyze the effect of high calorie formula on IGF-1 levels in children with failure to thrive 2. to analyze the effect of high calorie formula on total lymphocyte counts with failure to thrive 3. to analyze the effect of high calorie formula on TNF-alpha levels in children with failure to thrive Hypothesis: 1. there is significant increment of IGF-1 levels before and after the intervention 2. there is significant difference of total lymphocyte counts before and after the intervention 3. there is significant difference of TNF-alpha levels before and after the intervention
This study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, first in human, single ascending dose Phase 1 study
Multicenter, Retrospectivecohort study in patients with Chronic Prostatitis, Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis (Category II) and Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (Category IIIA, IIIB) and 140 patients without other significant comorbidities will be participated. The aim of the study is to collect post-treatment data to evaluate inflammation, infection status and quality of life with standard antibiotic therapy with NSAID and added Treataprost effect.
The purpose of this study is to assess the drug absorption of oral antibiotics in patients with short bowel syndrome.
Irrational use of antibiotics is a one of the main health system problems,it leads to antibiotic resistance,increasing antibiotics side effects and the total cost. This study is a medication use evaluation study aims to evaluate intravenous clindamycin prescribing practice in critical care units in Alexandria Main University Hospital.
SUMMARY Rationale: Optimal antibiotic dosing in patients with bacterial infections is of high importance. Underdosing can lead to treatment failure and can promote emergence of antimicrobial resistance, while overdosing may lead to (harmful) side effects. The antibiotic cefuroxime is a second-generation cephalosporin and is frequently used in hospitalized patients. Cefuroxime exhibits, like other cephalosporins, time-dependent killing. The pharmacodynamic target can therefore be best described as the percentage of the dosing interval that the serum concentration remains above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the bacteria (T>MIC). Attaining the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) target of 50%T>MIC is associated with antimicrobial therapeutic efficacy of cefuroxime. Because cefuroxime is almost exclusively excreted through the kidneys, dose reduction of cefuroxime for patients with renal impairment (eGFR<30ml/min/1.73m2) is standard of care. No prospective evidence exists that currently guideline-recommended cefuroxime dosing regimens result in at least 50%T>MIC in adult patients on general wards, especially not in patients with renal impairment receiving a reduced dose of cefuroxime. Objective: To investigate whether the PK-PD target of cefuroxime (50%T>MIC) is attained in the first 24 hours of treatment in adult patients on general wards with adequate and impaired renal function receiving regular and reduced doses of cefuroxime. Study design: Observational, prospective single center cohort study Study population: Adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) on general wards of Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep (NWZ) receiving cefuroxime as part of standard care. Intervention: Three venapunctures within a period of 72 hours, containing a maximum of 18ml of venous blood in total. Main study parameters: Percentage of patients attaining the cefuroxime PK-PD target of 50%T>MIC. This will be investigated for patients with adequate renal function receiving a regular cefuroxime dose and impaired renal function receiving a guideline recommended reduced dose. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: Risks imposed by participation are considered negligible. Three venapunctures, obtaining a maximum of 18 ml venous blood are not expected to cause AEs or SAEs. Participation itself does not bring any benefit as cefuroxime treatment is part of standard care, but the group related benefit could be significant. With the results of this study, current recommended cefuroxime dosing regimens are prospectively validated or an advice to reconsider current guidelines will be obtained.
In this study, we evaluate peri- and postoperative parameters of patients undergoing a cystectomy and try to find risk factors for infectious complications. In detail, we analyze their medical history, demographic data, lab values, microbiological tests as well as histological and radiological findings. Furthermore, after discharging our patients, we send them several follow-up questionnaires at regular intervals and offer them free follow-up examinations.
Special pumps called self-deflating Elastomeric Pumps (EMPs) will be tested for giving antibiotics via a drip to hospital patients. EMPs are filled with antibiotics, attached to a "drip" (usually in the arm) and worn on the body, slowly giving antibiotics through the day. EMPs are often used to give antibiotics to patients in their own home but they have not been used to treat patients in hospital before, so a small study of 10 patients will be conducted to see if a full scale clinical trial is worthwhile. EMPs will be tested for ease of use and safety in hospital, and to find out what staff and patients think about them. The pilot will be done to see if a clinical trial would be good value for money by comparing time spent in hospital, nursing time and overall cost to the NHS of the two ways of giving antibiotics to patients.