Effect of Infant Immunization on Procalcitonin Levels - A Pilot Study

Immunization Clinical Trial

Official title:

Effect of Infant Immunization on Procalcitonin Levels

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04295694
• Other study ID #: 1997459
• Status: Completed
• Start date: August 2014
• Est. completion date: June 21, 2017

Study information

• Verified date: March 2020
• Source: CAMC Health System
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Fever is a well-known side effect of immunizations. When a febrile infant presents to a healthcare site, such as an emergency room, a large number of tests are usually performed, which may include a procalcitonin (PCT) level. PCT is being increasingly recognized as an inflammatory marker suggestive of serious bacterial infection, and is being used in clinical practice in the workup for acute febrile illness. Based on an elevated PCT level, further testing may be done, antibiotics may be started, and the patient may get admitted to the hospital for observation before identifying the cause of the elevated PCT level. The investigators believe that immunizations can cause an increase in PCT levels in the absence of an acute infection. Thus, a finding of elevated procalcitonin in a recently immunized child may not have the same clinical implication as it does in other clinical scenarios. To investigate this, the investigators designed this pilot prospective study to compare PCT levels immediately before and forty-eight hours after the administration of routine infant immunizations. The investigators will enroll healthy infants presenting for their two, four, and six-month well child visits at FamilyCare - Children's Medicine Center and receiving routine immunizations as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control.

Description:

This pilot study is a prospective study enrolling infants who are currently healthy, have no acute illness in preceding fourteen days, and were born full term that are presenting at FamilyCare - Children's Medicine Center (CMC) for their 2, 4, and 6-month well child visit that includes routine immunizations. Following informed consent, a blood sample will be obtained from enrolled infants for PCT testing prior to their routine, scheduled immunizations. The infants will return to CMC to have their PCT levels re-tested at 2 days post immunization. An infant will be included in the study for only one well child visit; if an infant presents for a subsequent well child visit falling within our sample visit age, the infant is not eligible for study re-enrollment. The parent/guardian will be contacted via telephone at week post second blood draw to determine if the infant has experienced symptoms or received medical care during that time period. The patient population targeted for this pilot study will be infants presenting to their pediatricians at FamilyCare - Children's Medicine Center for two, four, or six-month well child visits on a Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday and receiving their vaccines as recommended by the 2014 CDC schedule.10 This is a pilot study, and therefore had no power analysis performed to calculate sample size. The investigators anticipate that there will be a high rate of patients not returning for the second blood draw, approximately 50%, based on prior patient experience of the investigators. To achieve the sample of at least 20 patients completing both blood draws and the phone interview, the investigators will enroll 45 patients.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 13
• Est. completion date: June 21, 2017
• Est. primary completion date: July 1, 2016
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 8 Weeks to 28 Weeks

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• • Infants receiving their 2,4, or 6 month well-child visit at FamilyCare-Children's Medicine Center that will include their normal, routine 2, 4, or 6 month immunizations (Prevnar®, Pediarix®, ActiHIB®, Rotateq®)

• Infant age 8 to 28 weeks old at time of study enrollment

• infant, with no acute illness (cough, congestion, fever, or decreased oral intake, …etc) in preceding fourteen days

• Infants born full term (37 weeks or more gestation)

Exclusion Criteria:

• • Infants born premature (born prior to 37th week of gestation)

• Having symptoms of illness in proceeding fourteen days (cough, congestion, fever, or decreased oral intake, …etc)

• Any previous hospitalizations, with exception of the hospitalization at birth

• Sick contacts in the home (contacts with symptoms of cough, congestion, or fever)

• Infants who received vaccines that are different from the standard vaccines that are administered in Children's Medicine Center, to maintain consistency of the study sample

• Infants with a chronic illness that increases their risk of infections (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart disease, immunodeficiency…)

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Immunization

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	FamilyCare HealthCenter Children's Medicine Center	Charleston	West Virginia

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
CAMC Health System

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	To compare change in PCT levels before and after routine immunization in healthy infants two to six months of age.	a blood sample will be obtained from enrolled infants for PCT testing prior to their routine, scheduled immunizations. The infants will return to CMC to have their PCT levels re-tested at 2 days post immunization.	2 months up to 6 months