Comparison of Breathing Exercise for Hypertensive Patients

Hypertension Clinical Trial

Official title:

Effectiveness of Diaphragmatic Breathing vs. Slow Breathing Techniques on Blood Pressure and Health-related Quality of Life in Adults With Stage 1 Hypertension

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05158569
• Other study ID #: Rec/01091 Kamran khan
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: November 15, 2021
• Est. completion date: March 15, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: September 2022
• Source: Riphah International University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

To determine the Effectiveness of diaphragmatic breathing vs. slow breathing techniques on blood pressure and Quality of life in adults with stage 1 hypertension. In accessible literature limited data was found on the comparison of different breathing techniques. The current study will compare the effect of slow vs. diaphragmatic breathing exercises and will demonstrate which one is more effective.

Description:

Literature reports that inspiratory muscle training is more effective in reducing Blood Pressure and voluntary diaphragmatic breathing at 10 or 6 breaths per minute for 10 min twice a day for 4 weeks is effective in producing positive outcomes in hypertensive patients.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 32
• Est. completion date: March 15, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: March 15, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 30 Years to 60 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient having stage 1 hypertension, Diagnosed after 1 week BP charting

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients taking antihypertensive medication Patient having comorbidities Smokers and women taking oral contraceptives

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Hypertension
• Respiratory Aspiration

Intervention

Other:
• Slow breathing exercise group
The patient will be first asked to close one nostril with a thumb and slowly breathe in completely through the other for 6 seconds. This nostril will be then closed and the patient will exhale through the other nostril over a period of 6 seconds. These steps complete one breathing cycle. An attempt will be made to keep the breathing rate is about 5-6 breaths per minute. Such alternate nostril breathing cycles will be repeated continuously for a period of about 15 minutes (3 sets of 5 minutes) in one sitting.
• Diaphragmatic breathing exercise group
Patients would be instructed to Sit or lie down in a comfortable place and put their hands on their belly. Relax the muscles in their neck and shoulders. Breathe in slowly through the nose, keeping their mouth closed. Feel the lungs fill with air and inflate like a balloon while their belly moves outward. Such breathing cycles will be repeated continuously for a period of about 15 (3 sets of 5 minutes) minutes in one sitting.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Pakistan	Zakir khan shaheed hospital matta	Swat	KPK

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Riphah International University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Pakistan, 

References & Publications (3)

Janet SK, Mangala Gowri P. Effectiveness of deep breathing exercise on blood pressure among patients with hypertension. Int J Pharma Bio Sci 2017; 8(1):B256-60.

Jones CU, Sangthong B, Pachirat O, Jones DA. Slow breathing training reduces resting blood pressure and the pressure responses to exercise. Physiol Res. 2015;64(5):673-82. Epub 2015 Mar 24. — View Citation

Ma X, Yue ZQ, Gong ZQ, Zhang H, Duan NY, Shi YT, Wei GX, Li YF. The Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing on Attention, Negative Affect and Stress in Healthy Adults. Front Psychol. 2017 Jun 6;8:874. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00874. eCollection 2017. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Blood Pressure	Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). A blood pressure measurement has two numbers: The top number (systolic) is the pressure of the blood flow when your heart muscle contracts, pumping blood. The bottom number (diastolic) is the pressure measured between heartbeats. The patients are classified according to the range as follows. Hypertension stage 1 SYSTOLIC (mm of Hg): 121-139 DIASTOLIC (mm of Hg): 81-89	4 weeks
Secondary	Health related Quality of life	Measured through EuroQOL-five-dimensional-three-level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire which comprises the following five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 3 levels: no problems, some problems, and extreme problems.	4 weeks