View clinical trials related to HIV Infection.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to compare the incidence of opportunistic infections between HIV-infected patients who continue and discontinue primary or secondary prophylaxis for opportunistic infections in whom receiving combination antiretroviral therapy and achieve undetectable HIV-1 RNA, but CD4 cell counts are less than 200 cells/mm3.
The purpose of this study is to monitor adverse events in HIV-infected children <18 years old who are exposed to Atazanavir in a real-world setting in Europe.
People with HIV have a high chance of becoming infected with TB, especially when they live in areas where TB infection is common. It can be difficult to diagnose TB in people who need to start HIV treatment right away. Within about 6 months after starting HIV treatment, some of these people can become very sick with TB and can even die from it. This study was being done in people who were starting HIV treatment and who lived in areas where the TB infection rate is high. The purpose of this study was to test an experimental approach to TB treatment to see if it is better than the usual approach. The experimental approach was to start TB treatment at the same time as HIV treatment, even when TB infection had not been found. The usual approach was to start TB treatment only if TB infection was found. In this study, half of the people started TB treatment at the same time as they started their HIV treatment. The other half started TB treatment only if TB infection was found. The study also tested how safe and effective it was to start TB treatment at about the same time as HIV treatment even when TB infection had not been found. The study collected information about diet, whether (and when) people in the study became sicker or died, how well their HIV was controlled, how they were feeling, how they were taking their medications, whether it mattered where they lived or what kind of HIV and TB care was standard, how many people were diagnosed with TB while in the study, and how the cost of the two treatment options on a national level could be compared.
Objectives of the study: 1. To verify the safety and the efficacy of the study treatment, defined as the persistent control of the virus' replication at 48 weeks after the simplification to maraviroc + darunavir with ritonavir in patients with R5 tropism by viral DNA genotyping. 2. To collect relevant information about the safety, the immunologic and the economic impact of this strategy.
The proposed study is a three-armed randomized clinical trial. A total of 750 clients will be randomly assigned (using a random number table) to the interviewer-administered intervention, the self-administered intervention, and waitlist control conditions upon completion of screening, informed consent, HIV pretest counseling and test administration, and collection of baseline risk behavior data. Outcomes will be measured at 3, 6 and 12 months.
Tat is a key HIV regulatory protein produced very early after infection, prior to virus integration, and necessary for viral gene expression, cell-to-cell virus transmission and disease progression. Previous studies in natural HIV infection, indicated that the presence of a Tat-specific immune response correlates with a lower incidence and reduced risk of progression to AIDS as compared to anti-Tat negative individuals suggesting that an immune response to Tat may exert a protective role and control the progression to AIDS in vivo. On the basis of the above mentioned consideration, the present study was directed at investigating the seroprevalence of anti-Tat antibodies in HIV-infected South African patients.
HIV infection is associated the development of increased oxidative stress and deficiency of glutathione (GSH), the dominant endogenous antioxidant protein, but the underlying mechanisms contributing to GSH deficiency are hitherto unknown. Furthermore GSH metabolism has not been studied in HIV patients, in whom the burden of risk factors promoting oxidative stress is highest. Our previous studies in non-HIV human subjects with diabetes-related oxidative stress and GSH deficiency have demonstrated that the latter is due to decreased synthesis of GSH. Importantly, short-term dietary supplementation with the simple GSH precursor amino-acids cysteine and glycine, boosted GSH synthesis and cellular concentrations, corrected GSH deficiency, and reduced oxidative stress and oxidant damage. The current proposal will study whether (1) defective synthesis underlies GSH deficiency in patients with HIV, and will test a simple, inexpensive and rational therapy based on protein supplementation to improve GSH synthesis and concentrations and lower markers of oxidative stress and oxidant damage in these patients; (2) study if correction of GSH deficiency is asssociated with any changes in (a) impaired mitochondrial fuel oxidation in the fasted and insulin stimulated states; (b) insulin sensitivity; (c) body composition and anthropometry; (d) forearm muscle strength; (e) plasma biochemistry, and (f) quality of life indices in these subjects.
A drug-drug interaction between the anti-HIV drugs tenofovir DF (TDF) and atazanavir (ATZ) results in lower ATZ plasma levels when the drugs are given together, particularly in patients not taking ritonavir to boost ATZ levels. Lower plasma drug levels may make the anti-HIV regimen less effective in controlling the HIV virus levels in the blood. For this reason, current treatment guidelines recommend that ATZ always be boosted with ritonavir in regimens also containing TDF. However, withdrawal of ritonavir is often desirable given the tolerability and toxicity issues with this agent, even at the low dose (100 mg daily) used to boost ATZ. For example, ritonavir can cause stomach upset, nausea, diarrhea, high cholesterol levels, and liver enzyme abnormalities. However, there is evidence that plasma ATZ levels may not predict treatment success on unboosted ATZ regimens, particularly among people whose plasma HIV virus is already under control and unboosted ATZ is being used as a maintenance strategy. In the BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS Drug Treatment Program (DTP), nearly 100 patients originally treated with ritonavir-boosted ATZ + TDF (+ FTC or 3TC) are receiving successful maintenance therapy with unboosted ATZ and the same TDF-based backbone. The study will examine the hypothesis that switching to maintenance therapy with unboosted ATZ 400mg daily will have similar 48-week virologic efficacy to continuing ATZ/ritonavir 300/100mg daily among HIV-infected adults with stable viral load suppression on regimens comprising ATZ/ritonavir 300/100mg daily with TDF plus either FTC or 3TC, despite potentially lower ATZ trough levels with the unboosted regimen. In other words, patients whose HIV viral load is undetectable while receiving TDF (+FTC or 3TC) and ATZ/ritonavir will continue to maintain an undetectable viral load after switching to unboosted ATZ without ritonavir, in the same proportions as those continuing on their boosted ATZ/ritonavir regimen.
The current project proposes the comparison of two pharmacologic strategies as adjunctive treatments for the improvement of HIV-associated neurocognitive disruption, additionally to use of HAART. The investigators propose the use of the compound that has shown greatest benefits in this context to date, the lithium, versus the use of a well-tolerated and promising drug in other pathologies with neurocognitive affectation, such as Alzheimer or Parkinson diseases, which is the rivastigmine. In those other diseases, this second compound has recently offered a good tolerability, but also benefits on attention, memory and other neurocognitive areas. Both study groups, patients on therapy with lithium and patients on therapy with rivastigmine, will be compared to a control group, which will not initiate any other treatment (therefore only continuing antiretroviral therapy). The investigators are aware that this proposal will offer new relevant data for the study of neurocognitive improvement in HIV infection, as well will allow a better knowledge of clinical management of HIV-infected patients with CNS disease, an aspect that is a common clinical concern today.
HIV is increasing among adolescents and young adults in the US. Antiretroviral medications, when taken correctly (≥ 90% of prescribed doses taken), can vastly improve life expectancy. However, adherence among HIV-infected young people is suboptimal, and few interventions are available to help adolescents adhere to treatment. The study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) pilot trial of Positive STEPS (the adapted form of the Life-Steps behavioral intervention) to improve medication adherence among HIV-infected youth. The study will allow us to demonstrate participant acceptance, ability to recruit, feasibility of intervention delivery with study counselors and all study procedures, and initial clinically significant improvement in medication adherence via MEMS caps. This research will lay the groundwork for a federal grant application for a multi-site randomized controlled intervention trial.