Impact of Beetroot Supplementation in Athletes

Healthy Clinical Trial

Official title:

Impact of Beetroot Supplementation on Sports Performance, Prooxidant-antioxidant Balance and Sleep in Athletes

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT06043089
• Other study ID #: AWF_MSIT
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: August 23, 2023
• Est. completion date: October 16, 2023

Study information

• Verified date: January 2024
• Source: University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Several previous studies observed a positive effect of beetroot supplementation on sports performance in athletes, mainly in endurance performance. However, less attention has been paid to its effects on short-duration performance, especially in youth athletes. Moreover, only a few previous investigations performed biochemical analyses, including pro-oxidant balance assessments. It is especially important because chronic nitrate intake might directly cause the production of reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species in other subcellular compartments, leading to more oxidative stress. Additionally, no previous study verified the impact of beetroot intake on sleep.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 20
• Est. completion date: October 16, 2023
• Est. primary completion date: October 16, 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: Male
• Age group: 14 Years to 23 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• male

• good general health assessed by physician

• highly trained

• written consent to participate

Exclusion Criteria:

• medication or dietary supplements used within the previous month, which could potentially impact the study outcomes

• history of sleep nor neurological disorders

• chronic use (6 months) of any antibacterial mouthwash products.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Healthy

Intervention

Dietary Supplement:
• Beetroot juice supplementation or placebo
Athletes received 7 days of beetroot juice supplementation with nitrate supplementation (2 × 70 mL of beetroot juice ~12.9 mmol NO3-; Beet It, James White Drinks, Ipswich, UK) or placebo (2 × 70 mL of water with beetroot powder with negligible nitrate content).

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Poland	University School of Physical Education in Cracow	Kraków

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland	University of Bergen

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Poland, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Performance test	yo-yo intermittent recovery test level 1	7 days after treatment
Primary	Changes in nitrates	Blood plasma will be obtained to measure nitrate concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Primary	Changes in nitrites	Blood plasma will be obtained to measure nitrite concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Primary	Changes in prooxidant status	Blood plasma will be obtained to measure total oxidative status	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Primary	Changes in antioxidant status	Blood plasma will be obtained to measure total antioxidant capacity	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Primary	Changes in oxidative stress index	The oxidative stress index will be calculated as the ratio of plasma prooxidant to antioxidant status	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Primary	Changes in nitrooxidative stress markers	Blood plasma will be obtained to measure 3-nitrotyrosine concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Primary	Changes in protein oxidation	Blood plasma will be obtained to measure advanced protein oxidation products concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Primary	Changes in nucleic acid oxidation	Blood plasma will be obtained to measure ox-8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Primary	Changes in lipids oxidation	Blood plasma will be obtained to measure thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Primary	Changes in exercise-induced metabolic acidosis	Arterialized blood will be obtained to measure lactate concentration	1) Before the performance test 2) 3 minutes after the performance test 3) 10 minutes after the performance test 4) 20 minutes after the performance test
Primary	Objective Sleep - Time in bed	Total time spent in bed during the night assessed by sleep radar	nights 1 - 7 during treatment
Primary	Objective Sleep - Sleep-onset latency	The time it takes from when the athlete intends to go to sleep and actually starts to sleep assessed by sleep radar	nights 1 - 7 during treatment
Primary	Objective Sleep - Total sleep time	Total sleep time obtained from sleep onset to time at wake-up assessed by sleep radar	nights 1 - 7 during treatment
Primary	Objective Sleep - Light sleep	Total amount of time in light sleep assessed by sleep radar	nights 1 - 7 during treatment
Primary	Objective Sleep - Deep sleep	Total amount of time in deep sleep assessed by sleep radar	nights 1 - 7 during treatment
Primary	Objective Sleep - REM sleep	Total amount of time in REM sleep assessed by sleep radar	nights 1 - 7 during treatment
Primary	Objective Sleep - Sleep efficiency	The percentage of total sleep time to lights off and leaving bed assessed by sleep radar	nights 1 - 7 during treatment
Secondary	Countermovement jump height		7 days after treatment
Secondary	Ball speed velocity		7 days after treatment
Secondary	Sprint test (0-20m)		7 days after treatment
Secondary	Agility T-test		7 days after treatment
Secondary	Maximal isometric handgrip strength		7 days after treatment
Secondary	Flanker task		7 days after treatment
Secondary	Changes in muscle damage markers	Blood serum will be obtained to measure myoglobin concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in muscle enzymes activity	Blood serum will be obtained to measure creatine kinase activity	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in inflammation markers	Blood serum will be obtained to measure C-reactive protein concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in blood count	Whole blood will be obtained to measure leukocyte count	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in anabolic hormones	Blood serum will be obtained to measure testosterone concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in catabolic hormones	Blood serum will be obtained to measure cortisol concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in kidney function markers	Blood serum will be obtained to measure creatinine concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in the purine metabolism marker	Blood serum will be obtained to measure uric acid concentration	1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in hemoglobin concentration	Arterialized blood will be obtained to measure hemoglobin concentration	1) Before the performance test 2) 3 minutes after the performance test 3) 10 minutes after the performance test 4) 20 minutes after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in hematocrit	Arterialized blood will be obtained to measure hematocrit	1) Before the performance test 2) 3 minutes after the performance test 3) 10 minutes after the performance test 4) 20 minutes after the performance test
Secondary	Changes in plasma volume	The change in plasma volume will be calculated using the hemoglobin and hematocrit results	1) Before the performance test 2) 3 minutes after the performance test 3) 10 minutes after the performance test 4) 20 minutes after the performance test