Head and Neck Cancer Clinical Trial
Official title:
Phase II Trial Evaluating Efficacy of a Strategy Employing Combination Gemcitabine and Carboplatin Chemotherapy Followed by EBV-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes in Patients With Metastatic or Locally Recurrent EBV-Positive Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as gemcitabine and carboplatin, work in
different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping
them from dividing. Giving an infusion of a person's T lymphocytes that have been treated in
the laboratory may help the body build an effective immune response to kill tumor cells.
Giving combination chemotherapy together with laboratory-treated T lymphocytes may kill more
tumor cells.
PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well giving gemcitabine and carboplatin
together with laboratory-treated T lymphocytes works in treating patients with metastatic or
locally recurrent Epstein-Barr virus-positive nasopharyngeal cancer.
OBJECTIVES:
Primary
- To determine progression-free survival (PFS 1) of patients with metastatic or locally
recurrent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with
gemcitabine hydrochloride and carboplatin followed EBV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes
(CTL).
Secondary
- To determine progression-free survival (PFS 2) of these patients during the
immunotherapy portion of this study.
- To determine the clinical benefit rate of EBV-specific CTL in these patients.
- To determine the tolerability of EBV-specific CTL therapy in these patients.
- To demonstrate persistence of EBV-specific immune response in these patients.
OUTLINE: Patients undergo collection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from which
T cells are purified, co-cultured with irradiated autologous Epstein-Barr virus
(EBV)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), and expanded in vitro for the establishment
of cytotoxic T-cell lines.
- Chemotherapy: Patients receive gemcitabine hydrochloride IV over 30 minutes and
carboplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15. Treatment repeats every 28 days
for up to 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
After completion of course 2, patients undergo evaluation for response. Patients with
progressive disease proceed directly to induction immunotherapy. Patients with stable
disease (SD), partial response (PR), or complete response (CR) receive 2 additional
courses of chemotherapy and then proceed to induction immunotherapy.
- Induction immunotherapy: Beginning 14-28 days after the completion of chemotherapy,
patients receive EBV-specific CTLs IV over 1-10 minutes on days 1 and 14. Six weeks
after the second infusion, patients undergo evaluation for response. Patients who
demonstrate clinical benefit (i.e., CR, PR, SD) to induction immunotherapy proceed to
maintenance immunotherapy.
- Maintenance immunotherapy: Patients receive EBV-specific CTLs IV over 1-10 minutes.
Treatment repeats every 1-3 months for up to 4 courses in the absence of disease
progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Patients undergo blood sample collection at baseline and prior to each course of induction
immunotherapy and maintenance immunotherapy. Samples are analyzed for EBV CTL frequency by
immune function assays (i.e., tetramer analysis, enzyme-linked immunospot, and cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte precursor assays); for specificity of response by cytotoxicity assays (in
patients for whom the appropriate reagents are available); and for evaluation of EBV DNA by
polymerase chain reaction. In addition, T-cells are isolated from blood samples for
fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis and for extraction of RNA.
After completion of study therapy, patients are followed at least every 2 months until
disease progression.
;
Allocation: Non-Randomized, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment
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