Glaucoma Clinical Trial
Official title:
Short-term Outcomes of Iridoplasty for Persistent Angle Closure Despite Patent Iridotomies An Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Purpose:
To evaluate short-term angle opening after argon peripheral iridoplasty using AS-OCT and to
report its complications at 1-week and 1-month follow up in patients that did not achieve a
satisfactory clinical angle opening despite patent laser peripheral iridotomy.
Design:
Prospective, Interventional case series
Subjects:
Patients with an occludable angle in more than two quadrants in dark room indentation
gonioscopy and patent iridotomies of at least 2 weeks, with assessment of persistent angle
closure aetiology by ultrabiomicroscopy and A-scan ultrasound are included.
Patients will undergo complete examination and AS-OCT before ALPI, one week and one month
after it. We analyzed the images in a masked manner and took the angle measurements (AOD500,
AOD 750, TISA500, TISA750, ARA500, ARA 750, Lens vault) at 0° and 180° as the main outcome
measure to determine effectiveness.
Background Argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI) (Figure 1) is an iris-remodeling
procedure that intends to widen the iridocorneal angle through redistribution of peripheral
iris tension forces close to the trabeculum.
ALPI is effective in patients with plateau iris syndrome and acute angle closure glaucoma
but there is less published about its effectiveness in secondary angle closure. Therefore,
we are going to evaluate this procedure in those patients that did not achieve a
satisfactory clinical angle opening despite patent laser peripheral iridotomy, as long as
there was no contraindication for a new laser procedure and provided that cataract surgery
is not viable, as in clear lens or patients not willing to undergo surgery.
To evaluate its effectiveness, we will use a non-invasive non-contact method through
anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), which transmits and receives light
in an ultrasound-like manner to obtain anterior segment imaging that helps to evaluate the
angle more objectively.
Purpose To evaluate short-term angle opening after argon peripheral iridoplasty using AS-OCT
and to report its complications at 1-week and 1-month follow up in patients with persistent
angle closure despite patent iridotomies.
Study Design Prospective, interventional case series Patients with an occludable angle in
more than two quadrants in dark room dynamic gonioscopy and patent iridotomies of at least 2
weeks were included. A supplemental diagnosis regarding the etiology of persistent angle
closure by ultrabiomicroscopy and A-scan ultrasound will be obtained. Patients who presented
with these criteria to the angle closure clinic at the glaucoma service of our institute
(Instituto de Oftalmologia Fundacion Conde de Valenciana IAP, Mexico City) between July and
November 2012 were included.
Patients with synechiae of more than one quadrant, advanced glaucomatous damage, prompt
cataract surgery plans and those who did not wish to participate were excluded.
After obtaining informed consent, patients underwent biomicroscopy, gonioscopy, visual
acuity, intraocular pressure and AS-OCT before ALPI, one week and one month after it. The
AS-OCT Visante (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin) took an image of the vertical and horizontal
meridians at the same room illumination of 14 lux measured with a luxometer mobile
application (Apple Inc., Application Manufactory available at the AppStore by June 2012).
Images were analyzed in a masked manner marking scleral spurs and angle recess at 0° and
180° of the horizontal image.
ALPI was applied with a VISULAS diode laser of 532 nm (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) by
the same ophthalmologist (JML). Twenty to 40 spots of 400 mW power with 500 microns of size
and duration of 500 ms were applied. Power was modified arbitrarily until an effective iris
contraction was obtained. It was considered an effective contraction as that which causes a
concentric movement around the laser spot, with minimal iris pigmentation and immediate
angle opening observed through the lens mirrors using a Goldmann lens. Power was lowered if
there was any bursting sound perceived, pigment dispersion, air bubbles or considerable
pain. Pilocarpine was not applied before the procedure in all cases because some eyes had
angle closure secondary to ciliary block and we considered it could worsen the closure in
many cases.
Topical prednisolone acetate was applied every 4 hours for 1 week and brimonidine tartrate
every 12 hours for 1 week .
;
Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment, Masking: Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Treatment
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