View clinical trials related to Encephalitis.
Filter by:Prospective cohort study evaluating FDG PET in 56 patients with confirmed autoimmune encephalitis - based on 2016 Graus criteria, and 2021 paraneoplastic neurological syndromes criteria - at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment, or within 10 days of treatment initiation.
A study in the use of the Narcotrend depth of anaesthesia monitor to record a) seizures, and b) monitor a level of sedation referred to as 'burst suppression', in sedated patients in the adult and paediatric intensive care. Studies have shown that patients in coma on the intensive care unit may have subclinical in addition to clinical seizures. Subclinical seizures are seizures that do not show any outward signs and may go undetected. The current gold standard of recording seizures in the intensive care unit is by non-invasive, continuous monitoring of the electrical activity of the brain by electroencephalography (cEEG) using cerebral function analysing monitor (CFAM). This is recorded with simultaneous video recording and is performed by Clinical Neurophysiology departments. There has been a steady increase in demand for this service over recent years. Additionally, CFAM / cEEG is labour intensive and expensive. If trends continue, the proportion of hospitals offering CFAM / cEEG will continue to rise, creating increased demand for specialist staff, of which there are a finite number. Depth of anaesthesia monitors are used by anaesthetists to assess the level of anaesthesia in sedated patients using specialised, automated EEG analysis and are now recommended by NICE (DG6) to tailor anaesthetic dose to individual patients. This study aims to investigate the utility of the Narcotrend depth of anaesthesia monitor to monitor for seizures and burst suppression on the adult and paediatric intensive care unit. These monitors are cheaper and more widely available with the scope to be used at every bed space requiring neuro observation on the intensive care unit. The study aims to recruit all patients who are referred for CFAM / cEEG monitoring at Nottingham University Hospitals (NUH) Trust over a 12 month period. These patients will undergo simultaneous recording using CFAM / cEEG and depth of anaesthesia monitoring.
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an immune-mediated brain disorder characterized by varied clinical manifestations that correlate with specific types of antibodies.Typical symptoms include acute behavioral changes, psychosis, seizures, memory deficits, dyskinesias, speech impairments, and autonomic and respiratory dysregulation.While the majority of patients respond well to immunotherapeutic agents, a significant proportion remains resistant to initial and secondary-line immunotherapies.Minocycline, a semisynthetic tetracycline, is notably used for the central nervous system due to its lipophilic characteristics and its capacity to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. While the primary neuroprotective focus of minocycline in the central nervous system remains unknown, the primary effects of minocycline include the inhibition of microglial activation, mitigation of apoptosis, and reduction in reactive oxygen species generation.Protective effect has been observed in hypoxic injury, ischemic stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, traumatic spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.Can minocycline offer a protective role in AE? Consequently, we proposed a randomized, controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of minocycline in AE.
Iron deficiency (ID) anaemia (IDA) is a global public health problem, with the highest prevalence in Africa and in South-East Asia. While immunization programs have achieved high global coverage, vaccines often underperform in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The cause remains uncertain, but undernutrition, including ID, likely plays a role. Our recent in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the importance of iron status in adaptive immunity and vaccine response. Hypoferremia blunted T cell, B cell, and neutralizing antibody responses to influenza virus infection in mice, allowing the virus to persist. Iron deficient anaemic Kenyan women receiving intravenous iron at time of vaccination had a better immune response to the first dose of the ChAdOx Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) vaccine and yellow fever vaccine. Japanese encephalitis and typhoid fever are endemic in Thailand. Vaccines are available but show variable efficacy. Whether ID impairs adult vaccine response to the live attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) and the Typhoid Vi polysaccharide (Vi-PS) vaccine and whether iron repletion via iron fortification improves vaccine response is uncertain. The objective of this study is to assess whether IDA in Thai women impairs immune response to the JE and the Typhoid Vi-PS vaccine and whether fortification iron improves their response. In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, IDA women will be assigned to two study groups: group 1 (fortification group) will receive iron-fortified biscuits (15mg iron as ferrous fumarate) for 56 days; group 2 (control group) will receive non-fortified biscuits for 56 days. All women will receive live attenuated JE and Typhoid Vi-PS vaccine on study day 28. Vaccine response will be measured 28 days after vaccination (on day 56) in both groups.
The goal of this international cohort study is to develop a prediction model for long-term outcome and response to first-line immunotherapy of anti-NMDAR Encephalitis, already at the moment of diagnosis.
The goal of this retrospective observational study is to compare brain fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) of patients with autoimmune encephalitis, normal controls and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main question it aims to answer is: •is there a specific pattern of brain metabolism in patients with autoimmune encephalitis Participants data and images will be retrospectively collected from hospital records, and FDG-PET images will be analyzed by means of statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Controls will be selected from validated public databases.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the safety and reactogenicity of a VEE DNA Vaccine candidate delivered by either intramuscular or intradermal jet injection. The main question it aims to answer is: • Is the VEE DNA Vaccine candidate safe Participants will: - Receive the VEE DNA Vaccine candidate by either intramuscular or intradermal jet injection - Provide blood and urine samples - Complete ECGs - Complete physical exams - Complete diaries
NMDA receptor encephalitis is a rare neurological autoimmune disease with severe neuropsychiatric symptoms, but a typically good functional neurological outcome. The majority of patients experience long-term cognitive, psychological and social impairments that have significant consequences for their well-being and quality of life. However, as the disease was only recently discovered (Dalmau and al. Annals of neurology, 2007), this psycho-social impact has not been studied systematically and the resulting consequences for patients are not adequately appreciated. The proposed study aims at characterizing the cognitive and psycho-social long-term consequences of this rare disease. Our main hypothesis is that NMDAR encephalitis has a persistent and clinically relevant impact on the patients' long-term cognitive, psychological and social well-being. Furthermore, we hypothesize that longterm subjective outcomes depend on both internal and external factors, such as acute disease course, access to post-acute care, caregiver support, personal coping strategies, or access to health education resources and peer group support.
The investigators wish to test a diagnostic risk score for autoimmune encephalitis in case of encephalitis, previously validated by two American teams, in a retrospective analysis, according to the clinical and paraclinical data available in our database of the Reference Centre for Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes of Professor Honnorat for patients with NMDAr, anti LGi1, anti CASPR2, anti GABAbr and anti GAD antibodies.
Cases of encephalitis of varying severity have been described in recent years in eastern France involving tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). The main objective is to demonstrate the presence of TBEV in Limousin, in patients with a positive Lyme serology, or a neurological picture compatible with TBEV.