Effects of Deep Friction Vs Stretching Techniques

Deep Transverse Friction Massage Clinical Trial

Official title:

Effect of Deep Transverse Friction Massage Versus Stretching Techniques on Performance Among Lebanese and Syrian Football Players

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03540888
• Other study ID #: Deep transverse friction
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: June 1, 2017
• Est. completion date: July 31, 2017

Study information

• Verified date: August 2019
• Source: Lebanese German University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Flexibility, agility and muscle strength are key factors to either win or lose a game. Recently the effect of a new technique, deep transverse friction massage (DTFM), on muscle extensibility, strength and agility and injury occurrence has been examined, as compared to traditional stretching techniques.

Description:

Background: Flexibility, agility and muscle strength are key factors to either win or lose a game. Recently the effect of a new technique, deep transverse friction massage (DTFM), on muscle extensibility, strength and agility and injury occurrence has been examined, as compared to traditional stretching techniques.

Hypothesis/Purpose: To compare the effect of DTFM vs static and dynamic stretching techniques on hamstrings extensibility, agility and strength among Lebanese and Syrian football players.

Study Design: This study is a single-blinded prospective longitudinal randomized control trial (RCT).

Methods: Football players were randomized into three intervention groups. Straight leg raise (SLR), T-drill, and 1 repetition maximum (RM) tests were used to measure extensibility, agility and maximal muscle strength respectively.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 96
• Est. completion date: July 31, 2017
• Est. primary completion date: July 31, 2017
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: N/A and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male

• Football player

• Physically active (1 to 3 hours of football per week).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Under the age of 18 and over 35 years who presented with an injury to the musculoskeletal system.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Deep Transverse Friction Massage

Intervention

Other:
• Deep transverse Friction Massage
The procedure consisted of applying friction massage by fingertips transversely to the hamstrings tendon, in a sitting position. The tendon was located over four finger widths proximal to the medial and lateral epicondyles of the femur
• Dynamic stretching intervention
Participants in this group, swung their tested leg actively into hip flexion while keeping their knee fully extended and their ankle fully plantar flexed until a stretch was felt in the posterior thigh. This was repeated over 30 seconds and included in the participant's warm-up phase.
• Static stretching intervention
In the static stretching intervention, all participants laid on the floor in a supine position with both feet pointing upwards, with the tested limb in full knee extension and the foot in a relaxed position. The tested limb was moved up passively to a point of slight pain or discomfort at the posterior aspect of the thigh. This technique puts the hamstrings muscle at its greatest possible length. This position should be held for 30 seconds and was performed three times for a total of one minute and 30 seconds, 15 minutes after a match or training. The contralateral leg was stabilized by means of another collaborator in order to prevent compensation by rotation or elevation of the pelvis.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Lebanon	Lebanese German University	Jounieh	Keserwan

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Mohammed Ali FAKHRO, DPT

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Lebanon, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Change in flexibility was measured by Straight leg raise test.	Straight leg raise (SLR) is a widely used outcome measure used to assess the extensibility of the hamstrings muscle. SLR was first applied to all participants across the groups. All football players laid supine and taught to relax during testing. The tested limb was raised by a volunteer therapist with the knee in full extension and the foot in a relaxed position. The other lower limb was stabilized in a neutral hip rotation and full knee extension by another volunteer. The test was stopped once the therapist felt a strong resistance, or when the pelvic rotation was noted. Then, the assessor placed the goniometer over the greater trochanter, with one arm aligning the lateral femoral condyle, and the other arm aligning parallel to the ground, in a direction to the mid-axillary line and recorded the hip angle. The scores were recorded as degrees of range of movement.	baseline, on the first session; (2) 15 minutes, after the first intervention (acute phase); and (3) after four weeks
Primary	Change in agility was measured by T-Drill test.	The T-Drill has been proven to be a highly reliable testing measurement. Footballers were instructed on how to perform the T-Drill and on the test procedures. Then, they were instructed to jog for 2 min to warm-up. The participants performed the T-drill twice and the trial with the best time was taken for analysis by the mean of an alert assessor with a stopwatch. Results were measured in seconds and scores were interpreted as (1) excellent, < 9.5; (2) good, 9.5-10.5; (3) average, 10.5-11.5; and (4) poor, > 11.5.	baseline, on the first session; (2) 15 minutes, after the first intervention (acute phase); and (3) after four weeks
Primary	Change in Strength was measured by one repetition maximum (1RM) tests	After a rest time of 5 min, participants were guided to the knee flexors strengthening machine (hamstrings curl machine) for one repetition maximum (1RM) testing. Resistance was placed just proximal to the posterior part of the calcaneus bone. Footballers performed first specific warm-up, consisting of a set of ten repetitions of knee flexion, with a light load. Afterwards, for safety reasons, an estimation of hamstring 1RM was calculated using Brzycki formula [Weight lifted ÷ (1.0278 - (0.0278 × Number of repetitions)]. This formula exhibited a relatively low level of bias (1.6 to 0 kg). Maximal voluntary strength was recorded in kilograms.	baseline, on the first session; (2) 15 minutes, after the first intervention (acute phase); and (3) after four weeks
Secondary	Change in injury occurrence rate	Measured by recording if any injury affected the players.	baseline, after 4 weeks.