There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
This service evaulation aims to investigate how common diarrhoea is in hospital patients on medical, surgical and elderly care wards, what it is due to and how it is managed.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether motivation/reward deficits observed in schizophrenia are attenuated and whether cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia is improved by add-on TAK-041 administration to antipsychotics in participants with stable schizophrenia.
The present study was based on secondary analysis using the non-intervention control conditions of five separate studies with common measures. The current analysis examine the indirect and direct effects of fat-free mass, fat mass and resting metabolic rate on energy intake in individuals at or close to energy balance.
During any general anaesthetic which involves muscle relaxation artificial breathing is required. This is most commonly provided by pushing air under pressure (positive pressure ventilation) into the lungs via a tube in the airway (the tracheal tube). It has been observed for many years that with this form of breathing the distribution of gas within the lungs differs from that seen during 'natural' breathing: more of the gas goes to the upper parts of the lung than lower parts. This change in how the gas is distributed can lead to problems with how well oxygen is taken up by blood and carbon dioxide removed from the body. Previous work using mathematical modelling has found that the position of the tracheal tube might affect air distribution, but this has previously been difficult to study in 'real life', requiring the use of radioactive dyes and computerised tomography (CT). However a bedside test is now available which allows us to study these changes rapidly and non-invasively, using electrical impedance tomography (EIT). The EIT device is commercially available (PulmoVista®, Draeger UK) and is used in hospitals worldwide as a bedside monitor of lung ventilation. This study aims to investigate the effect of tracheal intubation on regional ventilation of the lungs by comparing measurements before and after the patient is anaesthetised and intubated. The investgiators aim to show whether altered patterns of ventilation are caused by patients simply being asleep and ventilated, or whether these changes are due to the use of a tracheal tube itself. The exact effect of tube position will also be studied by measuring ventilation as the tube is deliberately advanced until it enters one of the lungs. This will give us information about the ideal position for a tube within the trachea to promote optimal ventilation patterns within the lungs
This clinical trial studies how well contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging works in diagnosing liver cancer in patients with cirrhosis. Diagnostic procedures, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging, may help find and diagnose liver cancer.
There is a consensus that vitamin D deficiency is a public health issue because of its implications in several diseases including, osteopenia, osteomalacia, heart disease, diabetes (type I and II), inflammatory diseases, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Studies in sunny countries have shown that vitamin D deficiency is a common phenomenon, despite the abundance of sunlight in these places, which shows the influence of diet, skin pigmentation, cultural habits and also genetic factors on the metabolism of this vitamin. Thus, the study hypothesis is that vitamin D supplementation is required to obtain the optimal serum concentration in Brazilian people living both in Brazil and in the United Kingdom and that this response is dependent on the initial levels, being influenced by sunlight exposure, skin pigmentation, diet and polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene. Two controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trials were held (one in the UK and the other in Brazil) over a period of 12 weeks, with female subjects, Brazilian, aged 20 to 59 years. The women selected were divided into two groups: Placebo Group and Supplemented Group, the latter received vitamin D 600 IU. After the analysis of the effect of vitamin D supplementation compared to placebo, the investigators propose to analyse genome-wide transcriptomic expression in order to associate specific signal transduction and metabolic pathways to respective vitamin D responses. and a genetic risk score based on polymorphisms will be constructed. The 'systems level' approach will enable us to identify differences in gene expression and whether this explains why some individuals are 'good' responders or 'poor' responders to vitamin D supplementation. This is the first study that will examine two population groups of the same ethnic group and sex, living in different countries, with identical design studies. Our results first will determine how important supplementation and exposure to sunlight are for the serum level of vitamin D by comparing directly, using the same methodology, people living in different latitudes, as well as the genetic influence on the response to supplementation. The data will also provide both countries key data about the need to reconsider new revisions to dietary recommendations for vitamin D in adults.
The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the PHIL® liquid in endovascular treatment of dural arteriovenous fistula.
The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term (3 years) visual acuity and adverse event outcomes for the Clareon® Intraocular Lens (IOL). A comparison to historical safety and performance endpoint (SPE) rates as reported in the European Standard International Organization for Standardization (EN ISO) 11979-7:2014 will be conducted at one year. The secondary purpose of this study is to evaluate the visual acuity outcomes with the Clareon IOL at Years 2 and 3.
This study is a phase 3, randomized, multi-center study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the NT-501 implants in participants with macular telangiectasia type 2.
Hearing Loss (HL) affects over 5% of the world's population (WHO 2014) and is the 5th leading cause of Years Lived with Disability. HL is currently managed with Hearing Aids (HAs), i.e. programmable sound amplification devices that are worn by the hearing impaired subjects to address their hearing difficulties. HA use however is often problematic, costly and with poor overall benefits. The holistic management of HL requires appropriate public health policies for HL prevention, early diagnosis, long-term treatment and rehabilitation; detection and prevention of cognitive decline; and socioeconomic inclusion of HL patients. Currently the evidential basis for forming such policies is limited. The EVOTION project proposes to address this by collecting and analysing a big set of heterogeneous data, including HA usage, audiological, physiological, cognitive, clinical and medication, personal, behavioural, life style, occupational and environmental data. This will be done by: i. accessing big datasets of existing HA user data from the EVOTION clinical partners (UCL/UCLH and GST in the UK; OTICON in Denmark) ii. collection of prospective HA user data who will be recruited to the prospective EVOTION study and who will undergo some additional assessments iii. collection of real time dynamic data of the human participant HA users who will be given a smart phone with different apps (auditory tests; auditory training), sensors (recording of heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate etc.) and smart HAs (recording environmental factors such as noise levels, type of noise etc.) so that real life contextual factors that affect HA usage and outcome can be identified. These data will be analysed with big data analysis/data mining techniques in order to identify relationships between these in order to use this information to derive and support public health decisions.