There are about 2293 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Chile. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Chronic nonspecific neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder recognized for its high rates of disability and economic losses, ranking second in musculoskeletal conditions after low back pain. There are several effective physical therapy interventions to treat chronic nonspecific neck pain, such as laser therapy. High-intensity laser therapy (HILT) is a recent treatment proposed to reduce musculoskeletal pain; however, there are few studies that prove its effects in reducing neck pain. The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of high-intensity laser therapy on pain intensity in patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain. The research will be carried out in the laboratory of physical agents at the Andrés Bello University, Campus Casona de las Condes. Participants will be employers and volunteer students with non-specific chronic neck pain. Participants will be randomized and allocated into 2 study groups: group 1 (HILT and stretching exercises) and group 2 (simulated HILT and stretching exercises). Treatments will be performed twice a week for 4 weeks with 3 assessments: before treatment, at the end of treatment, and 12 weeks after treatment (follow-up). The main results will be the differences in pain pressure threshold (ΔPPT), intensity of pain at rest (ΔRPI) and intensity of pain on movement (ΔMPI). Secondary outcome measures, on the other hand, will include differences in cervical spine range (ΔCROM) and cervical disability (ΔND).
The study aims to evaluate the effects of 4 weeks of hypopressive exercise associated with resistance training and aerobic exercises on fatigue, symptoms of urinary incontinence, sexual function and quality of life in women treated for gynecological cancer compared to a group that will perform conventional training. .
This is an observational study in which data from women with Chagas disease who will take or have already taken nifurtimox during pregnancy and the impact on their babies are studied. Chagas disease is an inflammatory, infectious disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This parasite is mainly spread by insects called triatomine bug. If Chagas disease is left untreated, it can later cause e.g. serious heart and digestive problems. Nifurtimox has been used for more than 50 years to treat Chagas disease in children and adults. It is not recommended to be used during pregnancy as data from animal studies indicate that it may harm the baby. Currently, there are not enough data to know if this is also the case in humans. In this study, researchers want to collect data on the safety of nifurtimox use in pregnant women. To do this, researchers will collect the following information: - Birth defects (abnormal and problematic structures or functions, a child is born with) - Pregnancy outcomes (like live birth, preterm birth, still birth/death of the unborn baby, miscarriage, or abortion) - Certain health problems of the child up to 12 months of age - Certain health problems of the women experienced during pregnancy The data will be collected from different sources including telephone calls with the women or their doctor, CRFs (case reprt forms) or from medical records The researchers will compare the proportion of children with birth defects, pregnancy outcomes or certain health problems of the child or the women during pregnancy with available data on these outcomes in the general population. The study will run for approximately 10 years.
This randomised trial aims to assess the role of beta1-3 glucan supplementation in improving clinical symptoms and other outcomes amongst hospitalised patients with COVID-19.
Various modalities have been proposed for real-time confirmation of loss of resistance (LOR) for thoracic epidural blocks. With real-time ultrasound (US) guidance, the anesthesiologist attempts to visualize the sonographic advancement of the epidural needle and penetration of the epidural space (as detected by LOR) This observational study is set out to confirm the reliability of real-time ultrasound guidance as an adjunct to LOR for thoracic epidural blocks.
Standard Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)is an effective treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), particularly for patients with significant behavioral and affective dysregulation, including suicidality. However, DBT in its original format is delivered in 12 months, and even though currently there are shorter versions of the treatment being developed and tested, in the context of public mental health care in Chile a shorter, intensive and lighter version of the treatment is likely needed to help patients seeking help for BPD symptoms. This study will test whether a 3 month, intensive and simplified version of DBT is at least equivalent to standard six months DBT with all its components (skills training, individual therapy, coaching calls, and treatment-team consulting). 120 patients diagnosed with BPD we'll be randomly assigned to receive either the short, intensive 3-month intervention or the longer standard 6-month DBT intervention. Baseline measures will be taken pre-treatment, upon treatment completion, and at a 4-month follow-up. Session-to-session change in BPD symptoms will also be measured throughout the treatments. Primary outcomes for the study are BPD symptoms, frequency, and intensity of suicidal activity. Secondary outcome measures include depression scores, quality of life, and ER visits, and days in inpatient care.
Latin America is one of the worst-hit areas from the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. Policy responses to COVID-19 in Latin America have sought to reduce viral spread, increase the capacity of the health system response, mitigate negative consequences, and strengthen governance. Few studies have examined the effectiveness of COVID-19 policies in Latin America or explored subnational variation in their effectiveness. In this observational study, the investigators will use a two-stage interrupted time series to estimate the effectiveness of nonpharmaceutical interventions in third-tier subnational units on SARS-COV2 transmission and COVID-19 mortality in Latin America. The investigators will estimate the effects in each local government, and then run a random-effects meta-analysis to obtain pooled effects for each intervention (and combinations of) and heterogeneity estimates. Finally, the investigators will explore potential explanations for the heterogeneity at the local level.
Delirium is defined as an acute change in mental status characterized by fluctuating disturbances of consciousness, attention, cognition, and perception, usually secondary to acute injuries such as trauma or infections. Delirium is more frequent in older adults, and is associated with important poor clinical outcomes including increased mortality, functional deterioration, and higher expenditures for healthcare systems. Although it is not the only one responsible, the inflammatory response plays a key role in the development of delirium. From the first descriptions of the condition 2500 years ago, it is known that patients who present with inflammatory injuries such as trauma (pe. hip fracture) or infections (sepsis), frequently develop delirium. Microglia, are an inflammatory cell with phagocytic capacity, that inhabit the nervous system and have a critical role in the regulation of the inflammatory response in the brain. It is known that microglia have receptors that respond to systemic inflammatory mediators by generating new inflammatory mediators that exert their effect on other glial cells and neurons in the central nervous system, affecting their function. Mouse models have shown that depleting the brain of microglia prevents cognitive decline after a traumatic bone injury, suggesting a role of these cells in the development of delirium. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a nuclear enzyme that participates in DNA repair, and in the regulation of the expression of inflammatory mediators by immune cell. In vitro experiments have shown that PARP-1 enhances the microglial response to inflammation, and data from mice exposed to the bacterial component "lipo-poly-saccharide (LPS)", a classical model of delirium, showed that pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 prevents cognitive decline secondary to that injury. Interestingly, nicotinamide, a vitamin widely available in the market, with a well-known safety profile in humans, is a well-recognized inhibitor of PARP-1. The role of PARP-1 nor nicotinamide in delirium has never been explored. Considering that, 1) there is evidence showing that PARP-1 may act as an enhancer of the inflammatory response of microglia and 2) the protective effect against cognitive impairment produced by pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 in a mice model of delirium, we propose as hypothesis that PARP-1 participates in delirium pathogenesis by enhancing microglial activation in response to systemic inflammation. To address this hypothesis in patients, we propose to determine in a randomized clinical trial whether nicotinamide, a pharmacological inhibitor of PARP-1, is more effective than placebo for the prevention of delirium in older adults with requirement of oxygen (non-invasive) and suspected coronavirus disease (COVID-19) under study. The results of this research will contribute significantly in the field of delirium, improving the knowledge of its physiopathology, as well with the development of of new alternatives for its prevention in clinical practice.
In septic shock patients, the hemodynamic coherence between systemic, regional and microcirculatory blood flow can be tracked by "capillary refill time (CRT) response to an increase in stroke volume induced by a rapid fluid challenge". A parallel improvement in regional blood flow, microcirculation and hypoperfusion-related parameters should be expected in CRT-responders as reflection of preserved hemodynamic coherence. CRT non-response is associated with a more severe systemic inflammatory state, endothelial and microvascular dysfunction, and a higher adrenergic tone. The objective of this study is to determine if CRT response after a rapid fluid challenge signals a state of hemodynamic coherence as demonstrated by a parallel improvement in regional and microcirculatory blood flow in CRT-responders, and to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms associated to CRT non-response.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of HILT on cervical flexibility and pain reduction in myofascial trigger points. The research will be carried out in the Physiotherapy laboratory of Andrés Bello University. The participants will be civil servants and volunteer university students with the presence of latent MTrPs of the upper trapezius muscle. Participants will be randomized and divided into 3 study groups: group 1 (HILT and stretching exercises), group 2 (sham HILT and stretching exercises), and group 3 (the conventional US and stretching exercises). The treatments will be carried out twice a week for 4 weeks accompanied by 2 evaluations during the treatment and 1 post-treatment follow-up. The main result will be considered the differences in pain intensity (ΔPI), pain pressure threshold (ΔPPT), cervical spine range (ΔCROM), and cervical disability (ΔND) between the evaluation sessions.