Clinical Trial Details
— Status: Completed
Administrative data
NCT number |
NCT04744155 |
Other study ID # |
STUDY00001169 |
Secondary ID |
1R21HD098086-01A |
Status |
Completed |
Phase |
N/A
|
First received |
|
Last updated |
|
Start date |
May 12, 2021 |
Est. completion date |
May 1, 2023 |
Study information
Verified date |
September 2023 |
Source |
Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City |
Contact |
n/a |
Is FDA regulated |
No |
Health authority |
|
Study type |
Interventional
|
Clinical Trial Summary
A multi-site randomized trial. Adolescents enrolled in this Clinical Trial will be enrolled
into one of two arms. Adolescents in both arms will receive motivational interviewing
enhanced counseling and a referral for follow up care. Those randomized in the Multi-level
intervention arm will be offered immediate Emergency Department based contraception in
addition to receiving a warm referral (providing help with scheduling follow-up care).
Description:
Unintended adolescent pregnancy is a major public health problem linked to pregnancy-induced
hypertension, low birthweight, and prematurity. In addition, adolescent pregnancies cost an
estimated $9.4 billion annually. Though declining, U.S. rates remain among the highest in the
developed world. Highly effective methods exist, but adolescents face unique, multi-level
barriers to contraceptive access and use. Thus, the vast majority of pregnancies are due to
contraceptive non-use or incorrect use. Many, especially minority and uninsured youth, do not
attend health maintenance visits; among those who do, seconds is spent discussing sexuality
and contraceptive use is not routinely assessed. Multi-level interventions to increase access
to contraceptive counseling and all contraceptive types are desperately needed.
As adolescent access to affordable, confidential contraceptive care has worsened in recent
years, one approach to increase access is to utilize non-traditional settings, such as
Emergency Departments (EDs). The Society for Academic Medicine recognizes the ED as an
"effective site for preventive care," evidenced by organizational conferences, consensus
statements, and specialized training opportunities to reduce disparities stemming from social
determinants of health. Adolescents make 19 million ED visits annually, commonly for
non-urgent or reproductive complaints; for many, this may be their only contact with a
provider. Adolescents in the ED frequently report unprotected intercourse. The pregnancy risk
index (PRI), an estimate of pregnancy risk in the subsequent 12 months, for adolescent
females in two EDs was more than three times greater than the national average. Lacking a
primary provider was associated with higher PRI scores. While the need for reproductive care
is evident, the majority of ED-based studies have focused on screening for sexually
transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV and a few, primarily single-site studies have
reported on acceptability of hypothetical reproductive care. Among the few addressing
pregnancy prevention, most focused on emergency contraception or increasing clinic referral,
with mixed results. A small open trial provided counseling and clinic referral for those
wanting to initiate contraception. Only 22% completed the referral and one was found to be
pregnant at her first clinic visit. Lack of transportation was the most common reason for not
completing referral. Because interventions to address multi-level barriers and increase
contraception access are sorely needed, the investigator aims to evaluate the feasibility of
a novel ED-based intervention, utilizing a mixed methods approach.
Scientific Premise: Many adolescents in the ED are at high-risk of pregnancy yet accepting of
reproductive intervention; however, no work describes best practices for ED-based
contraceptive provision. Thus, the investigator proposes a randomized trial to evaluate MLI,
which includes ED-based contraceptive initiation (i.e., oral pill, transdermal patch, vaginal
ring, injection, or subdermal implant) vs. eSOC, for adolescents in two EDs utilizing APPs in
a collaborative care model. Thus, the investigator will use a rigorous framework from Bowen
et al. to evaluate feasibility constructs (see Table 1 for construct definitions) among
adolescents and organizational personnel (i.e., study Advanced Practice Practitioners (APPs),
adolescent medicine specialists, ED nursing and Reducing Adolescent Pregnancy in the
Emergency Department leaders) in two unique EDs.