View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are a significant public health burden. Even with existence of recommendations on technical strategies to prevent these infections, there is a need for strategies to increase staff engagement within the local organizational and cultural context. Positive deviance is one such approach that engages people in improvement efforts. Positive Deviance is based on the observation that in every community there are certain individuals or groups whose uncommon behaviors and strategies enable them to find better solutions to problems than their peers, while having access to the same resources and facing similar or worse challenges. In the proposed study, the investigators plan to test the effectiveness of using positive deviance based horizontal infection prevention approach to achieve overall reduction of HAIs among hospital inpatients. The investigators hypothesized that a broad and horizontal approach to reduce opportunities for acquisition of nosocomial pathogens using PD will lead to greater reduction of HAI among hospital inpatients compared to standard-of-care infection control approach. The investigators objective was to test the investigators hypothesis and evaluate whether there is greater decline in rate of HAI in the experimental group of wards compared to the control group of wards.
We are doing this research study to determine if taking vancomycin in addition to a broad-spectrum antibiotic will decrease the chance of developing recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.
This is a multiple sites phase II trial, randomized, observer-blind, dose ranging, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the immunogenicity, safety, and tolerability of a single intramuscular injection of plant-based Seasonal VLP Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine administered in elderly subjects (50 years old and more). A total of four hundred fifty (450) subjects will be randomized in six (6) groups of 75 subjects to receive one injection of either a non-adjuvanted low, medium or high dose level of VLP, a low or high dose level of VLP of the quadrivalent VLP influenza vaccine combined with Alhydrogel® as adjuvant or the placebo preparation (100 millimolar (mM) phosphate buffer + 150 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) + 0.01% Tween 80)
The purpose of the Swedish Prison Program which started back in 1987 and up until 2009 was called "The Social Medicine Remand Prison Project" is to target injecting drug users (IDU) with primary and secondary health interventions with regards to injecting and sexual risk behaviours and infectious diseases such as hepatitis C and B, HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STI). The overall aim is to assess the effect of different prevention efforts on HIV/HCV risk behaviour and disease outcome among IDUs over time.
A phase II trial multicenter, observer-blind, randomized, dose-ranging, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the immunogenicity, safety, and tolerability of a single intramuscular injection of plant-derived Seasonal VLP Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine administered to healthy adults 18-49 years of age. A total of three hundred subjects will be randomized in four (4) groups of 75 subjects to receive one injection of either a low, a medium, or a high dose level of the quadrivalent VLP influenza vaccine or the placebo preparation (100 millimolar (mM) phosphate buffer + 150 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) + 0.01% Tween 80).
REP 2139-Ca is nucleic acid polymer. Nucleic acid polymers have been previously shown to clear serum hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) both preclinically (in duck HBV infected ducks) and in human patients and to act synergistically with immunotherapeutic agents such as pegylated interferon-alpha 2a or thymosin alpha-1 to restore host immunological control of HBV infection. HBsAg is an essential component of the hepatitis D virus (HDV), therefore the direct action of REP 2139-Ca in removing serum HBsAg and its synergistic effect with pegylated interferon-alpha 2a is expected to have a significant antiviral effect against HDV infection. This study will examine the safety and efficacy of REP 2139-Ca therapy when used in combination with pegylated interferon alpha-2a in patients with HBV / HDV co-infection. The primary hypothesis to be tested is that this combined dosing regimen is safe and well tolerated in patients with HBV / HDV co-infection which will be assessed by examining the number of patients with adverse events (including reported symptoms and laboratory abnormalities). The secondary hypothesis to be tested is that this combined dosing regimen will have an antiviral effect against HBV / HDV co-infection in these patients which will be assessed by examining the following outcomes: 1. The number of patients with reductions in serum HBsAg. 2. The number of patients with reductions in serum HDAg and HDV RNA 3. The number of patients that experience a sustained antiviral response after treatment is stopped (reductions in serum HBV DNA and HDV RNA). The secondary hypothesis to be tested is that this combination approach can have an effective
The Vancomycin Study is a multi-center, prospective randomized controlled trial that will compare the proportion of deep surgical site infections within 6 months in patients treated with local Vancomycin powder compared to those treated without local Vancomycin powder at the time of fracture fixation.
This study is being implemented to identify the role of prophylactic use of ethanol lock in adult patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN). Central catheter related blood stream infection is a major complication in patients on HPN. The investigators hypothesize that the prophylactic use of ELT will decrease the number of catheter related blood stream infections compared to the control group. The investigators further hypothesize that with the introduction of prophylactic ELT, the number of infections will decrease.
This study is to evaluate the antiviral efficacy, safety, and tolerability of combination therapy with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) fixed-dose combination (FDC) + vedroprevir (VDV) ± ribavirin (RBV) for 8 weeks in treatment-experienced adults with chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and cirrhosis.
The purpose of this study is to know the effects of probiotics on the incidence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants less than 1500 g.