View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:To determine whether acute ionized hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia immediately following foscarnet infusions can be lessened or eliminated by prior infusion of magnesium sulfate. To determine whether reductions in ionized magnesium, ionized calcium, and parathyroid hormone levels following foscarnet infusions are lessened by preinfusion of magnesium sulfate. To evaluate the safety of intravenous magnesium sulfate prior to foscarnet infusion by monitoring blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rhythm. To characterize the effect of magnesium sulfate on foscarnet blood levels and urinary excretion of calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and foscarnet.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of two different doses of azithromycin in combination with ethambutol for the treatment of patients with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection, and to determine whether an azithromycin-containing regimen is at least as safe and effective as the same regimen containing clarithromycin..
To compare the uptake of azithromycin in white cells relative to plasma concentrations in HIV-infected patients.
PRIMARY: To determine the efficacy of azithromycin and rifabutin alone and in combination for the prevention of disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC) infection in HIV-infected patients. To determine the efficacy of daily versus weekly fluconazole for the prevention of deep fungal infections in this patient population. SECONDARY: To determine the incidence of bacterial (including mycobacterial) infections, cryptosporidiosis, and toxoplasmosis in azithromycin versus non-azithromycin containing regimens. To determine the incidence of oropharyngeal and vaginal candidiasis in patients treated with daily versus weekly fluconazole. To compare survival and outcomes of primary endpoints in the treatment arms.
To demonstrate, in patients with tubercular or nontubercular mycobacterium infections with or without HIV infection, the safety of thalidomide use as judged by symptoms, physical exam, and studies of microbiologic, immunologic, hematologic, renal, and hepatic status. To demonstrate efficacy of the drug as judged by status of fever, nutrition, tuberculosis lesions, and immune responses.
To compare the efficacy of clarithromycin/ethambutol with placebo or with rifabutin at two different doses in reducing colony-forming units (CFUs) by 2 or more logarithms in patients with Mycobacterium avium Complex bacteremia and maintaining this response until 16 weeks post-randomization. To assess survival and comparative tolerability among the three treatment regimens.
To determine whether there is a pharmacokinetic drug interaction between oral ganciclovir and oral zidovudine (AZT) and between oral ganciclovir and oral didanosine (ddI). To determine whether concurrent administration of probenecid affects the pharmacokinetics of oral ganciclovir. To obtain data on the short-term safety of oral ganciclovir administered concurrently with AZT, ddI, or probenecid in HIV-positive patients.
To evaluate the efficacy of oral ganciclovir in preventing progression to cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease (e.g., CMV retinitis, gastrointestinal CMV disease) in CMV-infected people with HIV infection and CD4 lymphocyte counts <= 100 cells/mm3. To evaluate the efficacy of this drug in reducing morbidity associated with coinfection by both CMV and HIV.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of two doses of azithromycin given chronically for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium bacteremia in AIDS patients.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of azithromycin given chronically for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium (MAC) bacteremia in patients failing or intolerant of current available MAC therapy.