View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:1. Setting of antibiogram in orthopedic department 2. Evaluate the production of biofilm in bacteria isolated from specimens phenotypically and genotypically.
A two-phases study will be carried out with the following aims 1. st phase (2018-2020) - To investigate the vaccination coverage for Rotavirus vaccine (RV) in Campania Region together with other pediatric vaccinations scheduled in the first 12 months of life: hexavalent, pneumococcal conjugate (PCV), meningococcal B (MenB) - To collect data on appropriate timing of the 3 doses of human bovine pentavalent reassortant vaccine (RV5) administration - To evaluate the frequency of a co-administration of RV5 with other vaccines scheduled in the first 12 months of life (hexavalent/PCV+RV5, MenB+RV5 vs RV5 alone) and assess the variability in co-administration rates according to RV5 dose 2. nd phase (2020-2022) - To investigate the effect of Coronavirus-Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic on vaccination coverage in the first year of life, focusing on RV vaccination - To investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on timing of vaccine administration in the first year of life, focusing on those vaccines without catch-up vaccination schedule (i.e. RV) Hypothesis are the following: - Vaccination coverage and timing of vaccines scheduled in the first year of life are not fully aligned with what is established by the Italian National Prevention Plan 2017-2019 - Co-administration of RV5 and MenB in comparison with other coadministration e.g. hexavalent/PCV is lower - Co-administration of RV5 and MenB allows to ensure appropriate timing of RV vaccination schedule - COVID-19 pandemic may have affected the overall vaccination coverage as well as the timing of selected vaccination scheduled in the first year of life, with a more relevant impact on vaccines for whom a catch-up vaccination schedule is not feasible, such as RV immunization.
- Parasitic infection is a serious public health problem throughout the world particularly in developing countries including Egypt. The individuals infected with helminths are responding to the parasite infections by a specific Th2 type innate and adaptive immune responses. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic has affected over 169 million people and caused the death of millions worldwide. COVID vaccines with up to 95% of efficacy and effectiveness have been developed and approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA. Moreover, it's reported that vaccination against COVID may lead to Cytokine Storm Syndrome in some vaccinated people with release of large amounts of cytokines as (IFNγ, IL-12, TNFα).
The main goal of this study is to characterize the adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of children with cancer and impaired immune responsiveness and prolonged viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2, and to identify SARS-CoV-2 variants that might arise during poorly controlled virus replication
COVID-19 has significant detrimental impacts on surgical systems and patient outcomes. CovidSurg has provided the best available evidence to guide delivery of safe surgery during the pandemic. However, CovidSurg data were collected in 2020 when the wildtype SARS-CoV-2 virus was dominant, and therefore there is a need to for renewed rapid data to guide global practice during Omicron COVID-19 waves. CovidSurg-3 is an extension to CovidSurg and was initiated in response to the emergence of the Omicron variant. CovidSurg-3 has two separate components: - Patient-level component: Collection of outcome data for patients with peri-operative SARS-CoV-2. - Hospital-level component: Collection of aggregated case-mix data. Hospitals in countries with low community SARS-CoV-2 infection rates can contribute towards this component.
Urinary tract infection is among the most common nosocomial and community acquired infections. The Information on prevailing levels of antimicrobial resistance among common pathogens that associated with urinary tract infection is useful in making an appropriate choice of empiric therapy .Resistance to antibiotic treatment in patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) is a representative example of the increasing problem of antimicrobial resistance. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) has emerged as an important mechanism of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria.
The aim of this work is to: 1. Study the impact of PIVC skin colonization on catheter tip colonization and the development of CRBSI 2. isolate and identify the organisms causing peripheral venous catheter related blood stream infections in pediatric oncology patients. 3. perform antimicrobial sensitivity testing of isolated organisms. 4. identify the associated risk factors that lead to CRBSIs in such group of patients.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate efficacy of a 14-day concomitant therapy for the third-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, and whether it is safe while maintaining an ideal eradication rates.
This is a multi-center, randomized, controlled trial study to find whether use of chlorhexidine-alcohol or povidone-iodine for pre-vaginal delivery skin prep is superior to reduce postpartum infection in pregnant women with vaginal delivery. The primary outcome is the episiotomy site infection.
Healthcare-associated infections are infections that patients acquire during the course of receiving treatment for other conditions within a healthcare setting and are not present at the time of admission. Medical instrumentation increases the risk of development of HAIs. Such devices include, venous and urinary catheters, and ventilators. Most ventilator-dependent patients undergo respiratory stabilization with an endotracheal tube in a critical care setting. Later on, translaryngeal tubes are converted to a tracheostomy to provide long-term airway access for ventilatory support. Tracheostomy is a commonly performed airway surgery for critically ill patients. It has variable complications, a common one being secondary infection with bacteria and fungi, which in turn leads- to granulation formation in stoma and on peristomal region. The risk factor for infection in patients with tracheostomy occurs due to exposure to large amounts of bacteria because they do not pass through the upper airway defense system. The commonest microorganism colonizing the tracheostomy tube leading to respiratory infections include Pseudomonas aeurginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, some of these organisms are antibiotic resistant. Biofilm formation is a unique self-protective mechanism of bacteria, protects them from host immune response and antimicrobial agents. Studies showed that more than 60% of hospital acquired infections are caused by biofilm forming bacteria on medical devices. These infections are most commonly attributed to Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, and mixed flora.