View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:This is a Phase 3, multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind, double dummy study of CXA 201 IV infusions (1500 mg q8h) versus levofloxacin IV infusions (750 mg qd) for the treatment of adults with a cUTI (including pyelonephritis).
This retrospective study will analyse all PCR-proven H1N1 cases from the influenza season 2009/2010 treated within the styrian "LKH hospital network". For this purpose all PCR-positive case files are reviewed in Medocs (electronic patients database) and data regarding clinical presentation, laboratory and radiological findings, treatment, outcome and preexisting underlying chronic illnesses will be systematically collected. In a second step the same data collection will be performed in a group of PCR-negative patients, which were tested during the influenza season 2009/2010 for influenza-like illness. The data from the PCR-positive group will be compared to the data from the PCR-negative group. We expect significant differences between the proven and unproven group regarding the primary presentation at hospital. Based on these results a clinical score will be developed. This score should improve H1N1 case identification in emergency departments, even if specific diagnostic test are negative (rapid antigen testing) or still pending (PCR), reduce the number of missed hospitalized H1N1 infection and optimize the decision making process in emergency departments regarding which patient has to be admitted with infection control measures and which not, and as infection control measures are expensive (face masks, gloves) and limited (isolation room), such a score should also reduce unnecessary expense. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the score a prospective study will follow in the influenza season 2010/2011.
The purpose of this study is to determine if the use of supplemental oxygen at 80% FIO2 can reduce the incidence of surgical site infection after emergency cesarean section.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether oral probiotic supplementation could reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in preterm infants.
The primary object is to compare the early clinical efficacy (after 48-72 hours of therapy) of dalbavancin to the comparator regimen (vancomycin with the option to switch to oral linezolid) for the treatment of patients with a suspected or proven gram-positive bacterial skin or skin structure infection.
Severe bacterial infections are associated with mortality of about 30%. Patients with moderate to severe bacterial infections given early and appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment are at a lesser risk for a fatal outcome, with odds ratios ranging from 1.6 to 6.9. However only about 2/3 of patients worldwide are given early and appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment. About 40% of patients treated with antibiotics are given superfluous treatment. TREAT is a computerized decision support system for antibiotic treatment in inpatients with common bacterial infections. TREAT is based on a state of the art stochastic model of the domain (a causal probabilistic network) and uses a cost benefit model for antibiotic treatment, including costs assigned to future resistance. It was tested in a randomized controlled trial in 3 countries and shown to improve the percentage of appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment while at the same time reduce hospital stay and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The main limitation of TREAT is inherent in the limited information available within hours of presentation. A second attractive approach to improve antibiotic treatment is to use techniques that do not depend on cultures, and thus shorten the time to identification of the pathogen to a few hours only. The LightCycler® SeptiFast test from Roche performs in vitro nucleic acid amplification test for pathogens causing bloodstream infections. The purpose of the clinical trial is to show that the combined system TREAT/PCR assays will improve the outcome of inpatients with moderate to severe bacterial infections, while at the same time reducing the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, with no or little additional costs. A secondary objective will be to assess the sensitivity and specificity of whole blood PCR, using TREAT as the reference standard.
This study of Kaletra (Lopinavir (LPV)/Ritonavir (RTV)) tablets will be conducted to clarify the following with regard to treatment with this drug: 1. Incidence and conditions of occurrence of adverse reactions in the clinical setting 2. Factors that may affect the safety and effectiveness of Kaletra (QD)
The xTAG Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel (xTAG GPP) is a PCR-based assay to detect the presence or absence of gastrointestinal (GI) pathogens from human stool specimens. The objective of this study is to establish diagnostic accuracy of the xTAG GPP.
The main purpose of this project is to evaluate the efficiency of the injection of CD4 and CD8+ T cell anti-Cytomegalovirus (CMV) on blood viral replication of CMV, 21 days after the first injection (adenovirus infection is not enough usual, especially in adults, to be used for the primary purpose and is measured in the secondary endpoints).
The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if Vibativ (telavancin) can help to control blood stream infections (BSIs). The safety of this treatment will also be studied. Objectives: Evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Telavancin given for treatment of gram positive bacteremia in cancer patients (including neutropenics).