View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Urinary tract infections (UTIs) account for 5-14% of pediatric emergency department visits annually. At the moment, up to one third of children suffering of acute (UTI) will have a new infection and there is a lack of effective methods for preventing secondary UTIs in young children. Majority of UTIs in children are caused by intestinal bacteria of the patient, mainly E. coli that colonizes gut of the patient. E. coli Nissle is a probiotic strain that has been used successfully for treating acute gastrointestinal infections in children. The strain has also been proved to be safe for infants and young children. E. coli Nissle could be a potential solution for preventing recurrent urinary tract infections in children as it competes with pathogenic bacteria that usually cause UTIs in children. The aim of this study is to evaluate efficacy of E. coli Nissle strain in secondary prevention of urinary tract infections in young children.
SARS-CoV-2 is a member of a class of viruses: angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-binding viruses that study calls "ABVs". The World Health Organization (WHO) and others are performing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vaccines and novel antivirals to address SARS-CoV-2 directly. However, the critical illness complications of COVID-19 are caused in part by SARS-CoV-2's binding and inhibiting ACE2 and the consequent host response. ACE 2 is the receptor for H1N1, H5N1, and SARS-CoV-2. After binding ACE2, SARS-CoV-2 is endocytosed, and surface ACE2 is down-regulated, increasing angiotensin II (ATII a potent vasoconstrictor) in COVID-19. The original ARBs limits lung injury in murine influenza H7N9 and decreases viral titre and RNA. Study has a unique opportunity to complement vaccine and anti-viral RCTs with an RCT modulating the host response using an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARBs) to decrease the mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patient.
The increase in bacterial resistance and the overuse of antibiotics have led health authorities to propose incentives for the proper use of antibiotics. Among these measures, the introduction of referring physicians for antibiotic therapy and tele-advisory devices for infectious diseases have shown positive effects on antibiotic prescriptions in hospitals. Today, an increase is observed in the consumption of antibiotics linked to ambulatory prescriptions. The objective of the project is to deploy tele-advice devices for general practitioners and to evaluate the effects on ambulatory antibiotic dispensing. AIRBUS-ATB is a prospective, multi-center, population-based, interrupted time-series observational study with a control group with 12 points before and 24 points after the deployment of the intervention in voluntary territories.
The aim is to deliver an intervention to promote nurse leadership and decision-making in the hospital setting, by providing them with training for maintaining minimum service delivery standards for hospital infection control with respect to COVID-19; but also other infectious disease burden management.
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI) is a frequent motive of consultation in General Practice. Cost, irradiation and availability of traditional imagery make it difficult to perform in every patient with suspected LRTI. The objective is to evaluate the performance of LUS realized by family physicians into the usual LRTI diagnostic pathway. This study is a prospective, interventional, multi-centric and open study conducted in 3 different centers by 15 General Practitioners (GP) in France. Patient complaining of dyspnea or cough were recruited from December 2019 to March 2020. GP received a training course by LUS expert before the study. The primary outcome measure was diagnosis modification after LUS. Secondary measures were therapeutic modification after LUS, decision of imagery prescription after LUS, decision of hospitalization or not after LUS, medical evolution and result of imagery initially prescribed by GP.
This was a Phase 2/3 study to assess the efficacy about therapeutic effect of CT-P59 to the mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and the safety during after study drug injection.
Surgical site infections (SSIs) are associated with increased patient morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. ESKAPE (Enterococcus, S. aureus, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens are particularly pathogenic because they have increased capacity to acquire resistance and virulence traits. The investigators have proven that a multifaceted program involving improved basic perioperative preventive measures can generate substantial reductions in S. aureus transmission and significant reductions in SSIs (88% reduction as compared to usual care). In this study, the investigators aim to examine the relative effectiveness of each component of this program in controlling ESKAPE transmission and reducing SSIs and to identify an optimal implementation strategy for national dissemination. Randomization occurs at the site level, and sites adopt preventative programs. This work will improve perioperative patient safety for the 51 million patients who undergo surgery each year.
Augmentin (ES)-600 is a high-dose amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 14:1 formulation that allows administration at 90/6.4 milligrams (mg)/kilograms (kg)/day in two divided doses. Most physicians in India use the standard Augmentin (amoxicillin:clavulanic acid 7:1) (45/6.4 mg/kg/day) formulation and double the dose to achieve higher dose of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid at 90 mg/kg/day in pediatric acute otitis media (AOM) due to non-availability of Augmentin (ES)-600. Using the 7:1 formulation causes unnecessary exposure to higher proportionate dose of clavulanic acid (12.8 mg/kg/day) as a unit dose of 6.4 mg/kg/day of clavulanic acid is only required for efficacy against beta-lactamase producing AOM pathogens. Hence, there is an unmet need for availability of Augmentin (ES)-600 in India. This is an open label, single arm, multicenter, non-comparative study in participants aged 6 months to 12 years with AOM. It aims to assess the safety and clinical efficacy of Augmentin (ES)-600 administered in two divided doses, every 12 hours in pediatric population in India. AUGMENTIN is a registered trademark of the GlaxoSmithKline group of companies.
The overall objective is to compare the effect of Vancomycin and Tobramycin powder combined (treatment) to Vancomycin powder (control) in the reduction of post-fixation infections of tibial plateau and tibial pilon fractures at high risk of infection (collectively considered the "study injuries").
The Cooper vitamin D3 study is a randomized study investigating whether daily vitamin D3 supplementation can prevent respiratory tract infections, influenza-like illness and covid-19 in hospital workers.