View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTI) are rare and life-threatening bacterial infections characterized by subcutaneous tissue, fascia or muscle necrosis. Few prospective studies have been performed and our current knowledge on NSTI is mostly derived from retrospective single center studies. The "SKin and soft tissue necrotizing INfections in the ICU" (SKIN-ICU) study is a multinational prospective non-interventional cohort study that will include patients admitted to the ICU/intermediate care unit for NSTI or not. The objectives of the study are : 1. To assess hospital (i.e., ICU and hospital mortality) and medium-term (day-90 mortality, functional outcomes and health-related quality of life scores, HR-QoL) outcomes 2. To report the clinical presentation and microbiological epidemiology of NSTI and identify independent prognostic factors of mortality and altered quality of life
Healthcare-associated infections are infections that patients acquire during the course of receiving treatment for other conditions within a healthcare setting and are not present at the time of admission. Medical instrumentation increases the risk of development of HAIs. Such devices include, venous and urinary catheters, and ventilators. Most ventilator-dependent patients undergo respiratory stabilization with an endotracheal tube in a critical care setting. Later on, translaryngeal tubes are converted to a tracheostomy to provide long-term airway access for ventilatory support. Tracheostomy is a commonly performed airway surgery for critically ill patients. It has variable complications, a common one being secondary infection with bacteria and fungi, which in turn leads- to granulation formation in stoma and on peristomal region. The risk factor for infection in patients with tracheostomy occurs due to exposure to large amounts of bacteria because they do not pass through the upper airway defense system. The commonest microorganism colonizing the tracheostomy tube leading to respiratory infections include Pseudomonas aeurginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, some of these organisms are antibiotic resistant. Biofilm formation is a unique self-protective mechanism of bacteria, protects them from host immune response and antimicrobial agents. Studies showed that more than 60% of hospital acquired infections are caused by biofilm forming bacteria on medical devices. These infections are most commonly attributed to Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, and mixed flora.
The goal of this project is to determine the efficacy of a treatment method that increase a participants sense of smell after suffering from COVID-19 related decline in smell. Participants have to be greater than 14 days from positive COVID-19 test and still have a decreased sense of smell. https://jaoa.org/article.aspx?articleid=2765119 this article is a review of literature regarding why OMT can have a positive effect on individuals suffering from COVID-19 Anosmia: Complete loss of smell Hyposmia: Decrease in smell
A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 clinical efficacy study evaluating nitric oxide nasal spray (NONS) as prevention for treatment of individuals at risk of exposure to COVID-19 infection.
Vaginal infections demonstrated to be implicated in the persistence of HPV, activating a vicious circle of vaginal microbial perturbations. HPV infection can destroy the biofilm barrier formed by the local vaginal immune microenvironment, leading to a condition called dysbiosis. Contemporarily, the resulting local microecological imbalance in the vagina can subsequently upregulate the expression of the HPV protein, increasing HPV-related cytological alterations.
The incidence of Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is very high in kidney transplant patients. Most UTIs occur during the first six months (82% within the first three months) of kidney transplantation and are frequently recurrent. The component D-mannose of our authorized food supplement acts by inhibiting the adherence of E.coli to the urothelium. It also has a controlled release formula that ensures the presence in urine of D-mannose and the other components during 24 hours. This is the reason why this experimental study aims to demonstrate that the oral intake of this food supplement is effective in the prevention of UTIs in kidney transplant patients.
Nutritional status during pregnancy plays an important role in maternal health and birth outcomes. While few factors impacting nutritional status during pregnancy have been identified, studies of undernutrition in children have revealed a key role for the gut microbiome. Remarkably, studies examining the dynamics of the maternal gut microbiome before and during pregnancy and its impact on birth outcomes are limited. This study is being conducted to investigate how a mother's nutritional status and her gut microbiome during pregnancy contribute to the birth outcomes and health of her baby. The gut microbiome is the totality of microorganisms (e.g. bacteria, viruses, fungi) living in the gastrointestinal tract. This study will focus on married pregnant women 24 years and younger living in Matiari District in Pakistan. The focus is on younger women due to their vulnerability to undernutrition. Pregnant participants, and upon delivery, their newborns will be followed throughout pregnancy and for a year afterwards. Throughout this period, the investigators will collect stool samples, rectal swabs, blood samples, health assessments, nutritional and dietary assessments and birth/ labour details. The goal is to define the relationship between a mother's nutritional status and her microbiome dynamics during pregnancy and how they contribute to the birth outcomes and growth of her newborn. Investigators hypothesizes that alterations of the microbiota in the maternal gut (dysbiosis) is exacerbated by nutritional status or pathogen exposure during pregnancy. This impacts weight gain because of impaired nutrient absorption, and can lead to corresponding negative birth outcomes.
The Checkable Medical At-Home Strep A Test is a rapid chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative detection of Group A Strep (GAS) antigens from throat swabs. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the clinical performance of the investigational device (i.e., sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV) when used by untrained lay persons to detect the presence of Group A Streptococcal antigens in throat swab specimens from individuals five years of age and older with signs and symptoms of pharyngitis, such as fever and sore throat.
The main aim of the study was to identify the various pathogens associated with surgical site infections and their antibiotic susceptibility in a governmental hospital in northern Jordan.
Molecular techniques for respiratory virus detection have already shown benefits in terms of sensitivity gained in comparison to conventional techniques. Recent progress has made it possible to shorten turnaround time (TAT) and to allow delivery of results in a timely manner, especially in comparison to cell culture and direct fluorescence assays (DFA). However, the cost of these molecular assays is usually not taken in charge by public health insurance system. This could be partly explained by the fact that molecular techniques have not clearly shown cost-effectiveness. Results of molecular tests for influenza viruses and RSV, if delivered rapidly, in the emergency room (ER), would most likely help avoid antibiotic use and ancillary test prescription, improve antiviral prescription and shorten length of stay in the ward by facilitating discharge or cohorting of hospitalized patients. The goal of this study is to assess the performances of Roche Cobas® Liat Influenza A/B & RSV assay, to appraise its clinical impact and to evaluate its cost effectiveness.