Hot EMR vs Underwater Cold EMR for Large Colonic Adenomas

Colonic Neoplasms Clinical Trial

— COWL  

Official title:

Hot EMR vs Underwater Cold EMR for Large Colonic Adenomas (>20 mm): the "CO.W.L." Prospective Randomized Trial

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT06217250
• Other study ID #: COWL
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: April 15, 2024
• Est. completion date: January 2026

Study information

• Verified date: November 2023
• Source: Istituto Clinico Humanitas
• Contact: Antonio Capogreco
• Phone: 02-82247385
• Email: antonio.capogreco[@]humanitas.it
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This randomized, multi-center trial aims to evaluate the advantages of underwater cold endoscopic mucosal resection technique (CS-EMR) in comparison to the conventional endoscopic mucosal resection technique (EMR) for laterally spreading colorectal lesions exceeding 20 mm in size. More precisely, our hypothesis posits that underwater cold EMR is non-inferior to conventional EMR in terms of recurrence rates, resection completeness and safety.

Description:

Endoscopic mucosal resection stands as one of the most commonly employed techniques for the removal of gastrointestinal lesions, particularly within the colon. "Piece-meal" endoscopic mucosal resection is the preferred approach for large colonic polyps without signs of deep infiltration. This method consists of the removal of lesions in multiple fragments.

The conventional procedure starts with the initial submucosal infiltration of the submucosal layer using a physiological solution and methylene blue, forming a cushion that facilitates tissue transection with the assistance of a diathermic snare. The goal is to remove the lesions in larger fragments whenever possible.

In contrast, the "cold" procedure, employs a specialized snare that enables tissue transection without the need for electrical current. This approach yields the same outcome as the conventional procedure but offers the advantage of reducing the risks associated with the use of diathermic current. Subsequently, the lesion fragments are retrieved for histological examination.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 330
• Est. completion date: January 2026
• Est. primary completion date: December 2025
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion criteria:

• all patients = 18 years of age undergoing colonoscopy for any indication (screening, anaemia, surveillance)

• patients who were able to give informed written consent.

Exclusion criteria:

• lesions suspicious for submucosal invasion (e.g. Kudo V or Paris 0-IIa-IIc with nongranular surface).

• lesions with large (>10 mm) Paris 0-Is component that could compromise the nodular en-bloc resection and increase risk of submucosal invasion.

• suspected sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) according to traditional features such as adherent surface mucus, cloud-like surface, interruption of mucosal vessels, Kudo II-o pit pattern.

• pedunculated polyps

• active/quiescent colitis

• patients with other lesions resected by hot snare during the same procedure.

• rectal lesions

• residual or recurrent adenoma after endoscopic mucosal resection

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Adenoma
• Colonic Adenoma
• Colonic Neoplasms

Intervention

Procedure:
• Traditional EMR
Conventional EMR with thermal ablation of resection margins: initial submucosal injection of saline and methylene blue and subsequent piecemeal resection with 10- or 15-mm diathermic snare with subsequent thermal ablation of resection margins with snare tip soft coagulation.Nevertheless, this technique is associated with the emergence of serious adverse events (SAEs), including delayed bleeding (PPB), electrocautery-induced post-polipectomy syndrome (PPS), and perforation(4).
• the cold snare ("CO"), underwater technique ("W"), and the use of submucosal lift ("L") in both study arms
The "cold-EMR" technique, as opposed to the conventional approach, employs a specialized snare that enables tissue transection without the need for electrical current, particularly in appropriately selected lesions. This approach yields the same efficacy outcome as the conventional procedure but offers the advantage of reducing the risks associated with polypectomy, which are often secondary to the use of diathermic current. Subsequently, the lesion fragments are retrieved for histological examination. Furthermore, the use of underwater setting, as demonstrated for hot EMR, could improve the effectiveness of cold-EMR.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Istituto Clinico Humanitas

References & Publications (12)

Ferlitsch M, Moss A, Hassan C, Bhandari P, Dumonceau JM, Paspatis G, Jover R, Langner C, Bronzwaer M, Nalankilli K, Fockens P, Hazzan R, Gralnek IM, Gschwantler M, Waldmann E, Jeschek P, Penz D, Heresbach D, Moons L, Lemmers A, Paraskeva K, Pohl J, Ponchon T, Regula J, Repici A, Rutter MD, Burgess NG, Bourke MJ. Colorectal polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR): European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2017 Mar;49(3):270-297. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-102569. Epub 2017 Feb 17. — View Citation

Forbes N, Gupta S, Frehlich L, Meng ZW, Ruan Y, Montori S, Chebaa BR, Dunbar KB, Heitman SJ, Feagins LA, Albeniz E, Pohl H, Bourke MJ. Clip closure to prevent adverse events after EMR of proximal large nonpedunculated colorectal polyps: meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomized controlled trials. Gastrointest Endosc. 2022 Nov;96(5):721-731.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2022.05.020. Epub 2022 Jun 3. — View Citation

Ito A, Suga T, Ota H, Tateiwa N, Matsumoto A, Tanaka E. Resection depth and layer of cold snare polypectomy versus endoscopic mucosal resection. J Gastroenterol. 2018 Nov;53(11):1171-1178. doi: 10.1007/s00535-018-1446-2. Epub 2018 Mar 7. — View Citation

Maruoka D, Kishimoto T, Matsumura T, Arai M, Akizue N, Ishikawa K, Ohta Y, Kasamatsu S, Taida T, Ishigami H, Okimoto K, Saito K, Nakagawa T, Kato N. Underwater cold snare polypectomy for colorectal adenomas. Dig Endosc. 2019 Nov;31(6):662-671. doi: 10.1111/den.13427. Epub 2019 May 27. — View Citation

Nishihara R, Wu K, Lochhead P, Morikawa T, Liao X, Qian ZR, Inamura K, Kim SA, Kuchiba A, Yamauchi M, Imamura Y, Willett WC, Rosner BA, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci E, Ogino S, Chan AT. Long-term colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy. N Engl J Med. 2013 Sep 19;369(12):1095-105. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1301969. — View Citation

Rex DK, Anderson JC, Pohl H, Lahr RE, Judd S, Antaki F, Lilley K, Castelluccio PF, Vemulapalli KC. Cold versus hot snare resection with or without submucosal injection of 6- to 15-mm colorectal polyps: a randomized controlled trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 2022 Aug;96(2):330-338. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2022.03.006. Epub 2022 Mar 12. — View Citation

Rotermund C, Djinbachian R, Taghiakbari M, Enderle MD, Eickhoff A, von Renteln D. Recurrence rates after endoscopic resection of large colorectal polyps: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2022 Aug 7;28(29):4007-4018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i29.4007. — View Citation

Russo P, Barbeiro S, Awadie H, Libanio D, Dinis-Ribeiro M, Bourke M. Management of colorectal laterally spreading tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endosc Int Open. 2019 Feb;7(2):E239-E259. doi: 10.1055/a-0732-487. Epub 2019 Jan 30. — View Citation

Sidhu M, Shahidi N, Gupta S, Desomer L, Vosko S, Arnout van Hattem W, Hourigan LF, Lee EYT, Moss A, Raftopoulos S, Heitman SJ, Williams SJ, Zanati S, Tate DJ, Burgess N, Bourke MJ. Outcomes of Thermal Ablation of the Mucosal Defect Margin After Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: A Prospective, International, Multicenter Trial of 1000 Large Nonpedunculated Colorectal Polyps. Gastroenterology. 2021 Jul;161(1):163-170.e3. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.03.044. Epub 2021 Mar 31. — View Citation

Spadaccini M, Alfarone L, Facciorusso A, Gkolfakis P, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Fugazza A, Colombo M, Capogreco A, Massimi D, Carrara S, Alkandari A, Bhandari P, Maselli R, Hassan C, Repici A. Cold-snare endoscopic resection of non-ampullary duodenal adenomas: Systematic review and pooled-analysis. Dig Liver Dis. 2024 Apr;56(4):656-662. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.09.013. Epub 2023 Sep 28. — View Citation

Suresh S, Zhang J, Ahmed A, Abu Ghanimeh M, Elbanna A, Kaur R, Isseh M, Watson A, Dang DT, Chathadi KV, Pompa R, Singla S, Piraka C, Zuchelli T. Risk factors associated with adenoma recurrence following cold snare endoscopic mucosal resection of polyps >/= 20 mm: a retrospective chart review. Endosc Int Open. 2021 Jun;9(6):E867-E873. doi: 10.1055/a-1399-8398. Epub 2021 May 27. — View Citation

Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Aziz M, Patel HK, Sidhu N, Duvvuri A, Dasari C, Kennedy KF, Ashwath A, Spadaccini M, Desai M, Jegadeesan R, Sathyamurthy A, Vennalaganti P, Kohli D, Hassan C, Pellise M, Repici A, Sharma P, Bourke MJ. Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Resection of Sessile Serrated Polyps 10 mm or Larger: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Oct;18(11):2448-2455.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.11.041. Epub 2019 Nov 29. — View Citation

* Note: There are 12 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Success rate of resection defined as absence of residual/recurrence in SC1 and/or SC2		at 6 and/or 12 months
Secondary	technical success	defined by the complete resection of polyp	2 years
Secondary	Rate of intraprocedural adverse events such as bleeding or perforation	Defined as any procedure-related complication that compromises the completeness of the procedure and/or results in unplanned hospitalization of the patient	2 years
Secondary	Rate of delayed bleeding of the patient		2 years
Secondary	Rate of post-polipectomy syndrome		2 years
Secondary	Rate of delayed perforation		2 years
Secondary	Avarage time of procedure and polyp resection time		2 years