View clinical trials related to Cognitive Dysfunction.
Filter by:More than 5 million people live with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) in North America. No effective treatment exists yet probably because by the time AD has developed it is too late to intervene. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a clinical state that typically precedes AD. In MCI, the prefrontal cortex supports compensatory mechanisms that depend on robust synaptic plasticity and that delay progression to AD. Using a neurostimulation approach that enhances prefrontal cortical plasticity in vivo, this project aims to enhance prefrontal cortical plasticity and function in patients with MCI. If successful, this project would discover a treatment modality that enhances compensation in MCI and ultimately, prevents progression to AD.
Critically ill patients requiring intensive care suffer to a large extent from cognitive deficits involving higher brain functions that primarily affect memory, learning and the ability to concentrate. While the background to this effect is not fully understood, there are growing evidence to support mechanisms related to neuro inflammation and changes in blood flow with concomitant ischemic brain damage. Patients with covid-19 often suffer from severe inflammatory activity with an increased risk of coagulation abnormalities and brain damage. Covid-19 patients requiring intensive care develope more severe impairment of neurological and cognitive function than critically ill intensive care patients who have not covid-19. This project therefore aims to map the link between inflammation, immunology and coagulation systems as well as biochemical and structural changes in the brain with cognitive effects in patients in intensive care for covid-19.
This study is the first to investigate the relationship between the changes of serum calcium and orphanin fq and the changes of cognitive function in patients with diabetes.To general anesthesia surgery of patients with diabetes as research group (group A), and to the non-general anesthesia surgery of diabetic patients as control group (group B), and then measured preoperative serum calcium ion concentration in patients with general anesthesia, inflammatory factor and solitary brown peptide content, intraoperative calcium ion concentration in serum, inflammatory factor and solitary brown peptide content, and postoperative serum calcium ion, inflammatory factor and solitary brown peptide content.Postoperative cognitive function were evaluated in both groups.Finally, the two groups of patients were screened and the inconsistent medical records were eliminated.Observation indicators: Endothelin, C-reactive protein, nitric oxide, interleukin-6, calcium ion concentration, orphanin fq concentration, glycated hemoglobin value and blood glucose value were observed before, during and after operation.The cognitive function of diabetic patients after surgery was observed. The cognitive function was evaluated with the cognitive function assessment scale 24 hours after surgery, respectively, and scores were obtained.Expected results: The comparison of clinical data between the control group and the study group showed that the cognitive function of patients in the study group was lower than that in the control group; the analysis showed that the serum content of orphanin fq in the study group was higher than that in the control group, the content of related inflammatory factors was higher than that in the control group, and the content of calcium ion was lower than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant.The results showed that when the cognitive function decreased, the content of orphanin fq increased, the corresponding inflammatory factors increased and the content of calcium decreased, indicating that the change of consciousness state and cognitive function were correlated with the orphanin fQ system.
With population aging, the number of older persons with cognitive impairments increases. Literature support the effectiveness of a lifestyle approach to promote the health of persons with cognitive impairment, as well as a Lifestyle Redesign intervention to improve the general health and quality of life of frail older adults. The investigators propose to combine a multi-modal cognitive intervention and lifestyle redesign approach to improve the cognitive health of older persons with cognitive impairments.
Amyloid plaques and tau protein are the landmarks of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). On the other hand, it is reported that cerebral ischemia may induce amyloid plaques and tau protein accumulation. However, it was difficult to in vivo disentangle the complex and dynamic interactions between AD pathophysiology and cerebral vascular injury in the development of post-stroke cognitive impairment in the past. With the advent of novel radiotracers specific to cerebral amyloid plaques and tau protein, we aim to conduct a prospective multimodal neuroimaging cohort study to investigate the contribution of vascular injury, amyloid plaques and tau protein to stroke recovery and post-stroke cognitive impairment.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been identified as an early phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder expected to affect 13.9 million Americans by 2060. AD causes a progressive cognitive decline, including problems related to learning and memory, that adversely affects life quality. Treatment intervention at the MCI stage of the disease could potentially slow down the rate at which people may convert from MCI to AD. Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal activity in frontal regions of the brain is associated with cognitive deficits observed in AD. Furthermore, previous research has shown that neurofeedback (NFB) training targeting these regions can improve memory, making it a potential treatment for AD. NFB is a technique where an individual learns to change his/her brain function in a particular direction, once that function has been made accessible through a visual or auditory metaphor. We are proposing a novel, computer-based brain-training program to enhance frontal gamma oscillatory activity in individuals with MCI. Results from this study will build the scientific foundation necessary for larger clinical trials dedicated to improving treatment options and outcomes for patients with MCI.
Postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PND), which include postoperative delirium and both acute and longlasting neurocognitive deficits, are a significant public health problem, leading to a cascade of deleterious complications. Older adults are particularly at-risk of developing PND both in the short and long term. Although age is consistently reported as an important risk factor, the exact pathophysiology of PND remains poorly understood, but may include postsurgery-compromised blood brain barrier (BBB) function. This project proposes that perioperative BBB dysfunction is associated with measurable brain morphologic findings in cognitive control areas that can be discovered with non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients scheduled for surgery with an age range of 65-75 years of age, will participate in brain diffusion-weighted pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (DW-pCASL) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), cognitive assessments, and evaluation of a BBB marker from blood (at baseline, at two weeks, and at six months after surgery). All patients will have a brain scan (MRI) within before surgery and two weeks and six months after surgery. During this visit cognitive function will be assessed. Patients will also be asked to participate in a blood draw.
The purpose of this study is to see if stimulation of the brain can improve memory. The investigators will use a device called transcranial magnetic stimulation that can stimulate and activate a specific part of the brain that is important for memory. The study will enroll MCI subjects and subjects with subjective memory complaints who will be randomly assigned to receive active or sham brain stimulation. 'Blinded' or 'sham-controlled' means that the subject will not know whether the treatment they receive is the active treatment or the non-active stimulation. In the 'sham' condition, the stimulator will turn on but will not actually be stimulating the target brain region.
The proposed research will test a novel network-based neurostimulation approach using MRI-derived measures of brain connectivity to establish target sites for neurostimulation and test for the enhancement of memory function beyond a sham stimulation condition. This will be tested in cohort of MCI adults using network-based transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to assess for behavioral improvement due to the controlled intervention. This study will provide important evidence towards the efficacy of neuromodulatory treatments for memory decline and will accelerate the discovery of potent non-invasive treatments to remediate cognitive decline in cognitively impaired older adults.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of desflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction