Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy With Docetaxel Plus Cisplatin Versus 5-fluorouracil Plus Cisplatin in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Chemoradiation Clinical Trial

Official title:

Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy With Docetaxel Plus Cisplatin Versus 5-fluorouracil Plus Cisplatin in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02969473
• Other study ID #: YP2010138
• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Phase: Phase 2
• First received: November 11, 2016
• Last updated: November 16, 2016
• Start date: October 2010
• Est. completion date: May 2017

Study information

• Verified date: November 2016
• Source: Sun Yat-sen University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: China: Food and Drug Administration
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

In this phase II study, the investigators aim to evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with docetaxel plus cisplatin (DP regimen) versus 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin (PF regimen) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Description:

Esophageal cancer is one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide. Radical surgery has been the primary treatment for patients with resectable esophageal cancer. For medically unfit patients or medically fit patients who decline surgery, definitive radiotherapy plus concurrent chemotherapy has been established as a standard treatment. Since the 1980' s, the most widely used chemotherapeutic regimen in combination with radiotherapy for esophageal cancer was cisplatin (CDDP) plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (the PF regimen). However, locoregionally persistent or recurrent diseases were still quite common and survival remained poor. Several previous studies conducted by the radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) explored the efficacy of radiation dose escalation, but all results turned out disappointing. And studies incorporating intensified PF regimen or new-generation cytotoxic agents such as paclitaxel and oxaliplatin did not show any advantage over the standard-dosage PF regimen either. In this phase II study, the investigators aim to evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with docetaxel plus cisplatin (DP regimen) versus 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin (PF regimen) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Enrollment: 120
• Est. completion date: May 2017
• Est. primary completion date: May 2016
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 18 Years to 70 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients with histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus

• stage II-IVA disease, including metastatic celiac or cervical nodes, according to the sixth edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for esophageal cancer

• aged between 18 and 70 years

• Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score = 70

• adequate bone marrow function (leukocyte count = 4000/uL, platelet count = 100,000/uL), adequate liver function (serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level < twice the upper limit of normal, and serum bilirubin level of <1.5 mg/dL), and adequate renal function (creatinine clearance = 50 mL/min)

• no other serious medical conditions

• life expectancy = 3 months

• written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• detection of distant metastasis (excluding metastatic celiac or cervical nodes) before treatment before treatment

• known allergy to CDDP, 5-FU, or docetaxel

• pregnancy or breast feeding

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Carcinoma
• Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
• Chemoradiation
• Esophageal Neoplasm
• Esophageal Neoplasms

Intervention

Drug:
• Docetaxel
Radiotherapy: All patients underwent conventional radiotherapy, 1.8-2.0 Gy per fraction and 5 fractions per week. The prescribed dose was 60-64 Gy to PTV1 and 50 Gy to PTV2. Patients received either three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) or intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). 3D-CRT treatment plans were calculated by Pinnacle planning system and IMRT treatment plans were calculated by Monacle planning system. All patients were treated with a 6-MV or 8-MV linear accelerator. Chemotherapy: All patients received two cycles of chemotherapy concurrently with radiotherapy. Patients assigned to the DP group received two cycles of DP regimen (docetaxel 60 mg/m2 delivered on day 1 and cisplatin 80 mg/m2 delivered on day 1) at a 3-week interval. In cases of grade 4 hematologic toxicity or severe non-hematologic toxicities, dose adjustment was performed in the subsequent chemotherapy cycle.
• Fluorouracil
Radiotherapy: All patients underwent conventional radiotherapy, 1.8-2.0 Gy per fraction and 5 fractions per week. The prescribed dose was 60-64 Gy to PTV1 and 50 Gy to PTV2. Patients received either three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) or intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). 3D-CRT treatment plans were calculated by Pinnacle planning system and IMRT treatment plans were calculated by Monacle planning system. All patients were treated with a 6-MV or 8-MV linear accelerator. Chemotherapy: All patients received two cycles of chemotherapy concurrently with radiotherapy. Patients assigned to the PF group received two cycles of PF regimen (cisplatin 80 mg/m2 delivered on day 1 and 5-FU 1000 mg/m2 continuous infusion over 24 hours daily on days 1-4) at a 3-week interval. In cases of grade 4 hematologic toxicity or severe non-hematologic toxicities, dose adjustment was performed in the subsequent chemotherapy cycle.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
China	SYSU Cancer Center	Guangzhou	Guangdong

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Zhu Yujia

Country where clinical trial is conducted

China, 

References & Publications (18)

Ajani JA, Winter K, Komaki R, Kelsen DP, Minsky BD, Liao Z, Bradley J, Fromm M, Hornback D, Willett CG. Phase II randomized trial of two nonoperative regimens of induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation in patients with localized carcinoma of the esophagus: RTOG 0113. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Oct 1;26(28):4551-6. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.6918. — View Citation

al-Sarraf M, Martz K, Herskovic A, Leichman L, Brindle JS, Vaitkevicius VK, Cooper J, Byhardt R, Davis L, Emami B. Progress report of combined chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with esophageal cancer: an intergroup study. J Clin Oncol. 1997 Jan;15(1):277-84. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol 1997 Feb;15(2):866. — View Citation

Chandra A, Guerrero TM, Liu HH, Tucker SL, Liao Z, Wang X, Murshed H, Bonnen MD, Garg AK, Stevens CW, Chang JY, Jeter MD, Mohan R, Cox JD, Komaki R. Feasibility of using intensity-modulated radiotherapy to improve lung sparing in treatment planning for distal esophageal cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2005 Dec;77(3):247-53. — View Citation

Cooper JS, Guo MD, Herskovic A, Macdonald JS, Martenson JA Jr, Al-Sarraf M, Byhardt R, Russell AH, Beitler JJ, Spencer S, Asbell SO, Graham MV, Leichman LL. Chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced esophageal cancer: long-term follow-up of a prospective randomized trial (RTOG 85-01). Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. JAMA. 1999 May 5;281(17):1623-7. — View Citation

Einzig AI, Neuberg D, Remick SC, Karp DD, O'Dwyer PJ, Stewart JA, Benson AB 3rd. Phase II trial of docetaxel (Taxotere) in patients with adenocarcinoma of the upper gastrointestinal tract previously untreated with cytotoxic chemotherapy: the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) results of protocol E1293. Med Oncol. 1996 Jun;13(2):87-93. — View Citation

Gaspar LE, Winter K, Kocha WI, Coia LR, Herskovic A, Graham M. A phase I/II study of external beam radiation, brachytherapy, and concurrent chemotherapy for patients with localized carcinoma of the esophagus (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study 9207): final report. Cancer. 2000 Mar 1;88(5):988-95. — View Citation

Hennequin C, Giocanti N, Favaudon V. Interaction of ionizing radiation with paclitaxel (Taxol) and docetaxel (Taxotere) in HeLa and SQ20B cells. Cancer Res. 1996 Apr 15;56(8):1842-50. — View Citation

Herskovic A, Martz K, al-Sarraf M, Leichman L, Brindle J, Vaitkevicius V, Cooper J, Byhardt R, Davis L, Emami B. Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy compared with radiotherapy alone in patients with cancer of the esophagus. N Engl J Med. 1992 Jun 11;326(24):1593-8. — View Citation

Katsumata N, Yasuda M, Takahashi F, Isonishi S, Jobo T, Aoki D, Tsuda H, Sugiyama T, Kodama S, Kimura E, Ochiai K, Noda K; Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group.. Dose-dense paclitaxel once a week in combination with carboplatin every 3 weeks for advanced ovarian cancer: a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009 Oct 17;374(9698):1331-8. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61157-0. — View Citation

Li QQ, Liu MZ, Hu YH, Liu H, He ZY, Lin HX. Definitive concomitant chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel and cisplatin in squamous esophageal carcinoma. Dis Esophagus. 2010 Apr;23(3):253-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2009.01003.x. — View Citation

Mason KA, Hunter NR, Milas M, Abbruzzese JL, Milas L. Docetaxel enhances tumor radioresponse in vivo. Clin Cancer Res. 1997 Dec;3(12 Pt 1):2431-8. — View Citation

Minsky BD, Neuberg D, Kelsen DP, Pisansky TM, Ginsberg R, Benson A 3rd. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus concurrent chemotherapy and high-dose radiation for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a preliminary analysis of the phase II intergroup trial 0122. J Clin Oncol. 1996 Jan;14(1):149-55. — View Citation

Minsky BD, Neuberg D, Kelsen DP, Pisansky TM, Ginsberg RJ, Pajak T, Salter M, Benson AB 3rd. Final report of Intergroup Trial 0122 (ECOG PE-289, RTOG 90-12): Phase II trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus concurrent chemotherapy and high-dose radiation for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999 Feb 1;43(3):517-23. — View Citation

Minsky BD, Pajak TF, Ginsberg RJ, Pisansky TM, Martenson J, Komaki R, Okawara G, Rosenthal SA, Kelsen DP. INT 0123 (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 94-05) phase III trial of combined-modality therapy for esophageal cancer: high-dose versus standard-dose radiation therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Mar 1;20(5):1167-74. — View Citation

Ohtsu A, Boku N, Muro K, Chin K, Muto M, Yoshida S, Satake M, Ishikura S, Ogino T, Miyata Y, Seki S, Kaneko K, Nakamura A. Definitive chemoradiotherapy for T4 and/or M1 lymph node squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. J Clin Oncol. 1999 Sep;17(9):2915-21. — View Citation

Ruppert BN, Watkins JM, Shirai K, Wahlquist AE, Garrett-Mayer E, Aguero EG, Sherman CA, Reed CE, Sharma AK. Cisplatin/Irinotecan versus carboplatin/paclitaxel as definitive chemoradiotherapy for locoregionally advanced esophageal cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 2010 Aug;33(4):346-52. doi: 10.1097/COC.0b013e3181aaca26. — View Citation

Wu Q, Manning M, Schmidt-Ullrich R, Mohan R. The potential for sparing of parotids and escalation of biologically effective dose with intensity-modulated radiation treatments of head and neck cancers: a treatment design study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000 Jan 1;46(1):195-205. — View Citation

Wu VW, Kwong DL, Sham JS. Target dose conformity in 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity modulated radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 2004 May;71(2):201-6. — View Citation

* Note: There are 18 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Overall survival (OS)		From the date of randomization until the date of death, up to 5 years.	No
Secondary	Treatment response rate		From the date of randomization until six weeks after treatment completion.	No
Secondary	Progress Free Survival (PFS)		From the date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 5 years.	No
Secondary	Acute treatment-related toxicities		From the date of randomization until six months after treatment completion.	Yes