The Association of Fast Food Densities With Mortality From Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular Diseases Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Association of Fast Food and Full Service Restaurant Densities With Mortality From Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke, and the Prevalence of Diabetes

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03243253
• Other study ID #: CDC
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• First received: August 2, 2017
• Last updated: August 3, 2017
• Start date: January 1, 2011
• Est. completion date: February 1, 2013

Study information

• Verified date: August 2017
• Source: Chinese Academy of Sciences
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

In this cross sectional study, county level data for CVD and stroke mortality, and prevalence of T2D, were combined with per capita densities of FFR and FSR and analysed using multiple and simple linear regression. Mortality and diabetes prevalence were corrected for poverty, ethnicity, education, physical inactivity and smoking to reduce confounding effects.

Description:

the investigators used data on mortality rate (per 100,000 individuals) for CVD and stroke (between 2011 and 2013, age>35years) from the publicly available Centers for disease prevention and control (CDC) web site (www.cdc.gov). CVD mortality was defined as the number of deaths per 100,000 person-years due to circulatory causes (International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, codes I00-I99). Detailed information on preparation, definition, download and sorting of data on prevalence of T2D (age-adjusted), poverty and ethnicity have been explained elsewhere. In brief, county level data on the prevalence of T2D were downloaded from the USA CDC web site (www.cdc.gov). Data on T2D was estimated using data from the CDC Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) which is a monthly state based telephone survey of a nationally representative sample of adults aged >20 years old. In 2012, the year for which these data were downloaded, the survey included landline telephones only and hence excluded individuals living in care homes or those without a landline telephone. More than 400,000 individuals are contacted annually to take part in the survey which has been running since 1984. Individuals are judged to have diabetes if they respond 'yes;' to the question "Has a doctor ever told participants that you have diabetes?", excluding females who indicate in a follow-up question that they only had diabetes during pregnancy. Previous work indicates that self-report of a physician's prior diagnosis of diabetes is highly reliable compared to medical records. This question does not separate those with type 1 and T2D. In the adult population of the USA more than 96% of diabetes is type 2, the investigators therefore called the estimated prevalence that of T2D. Given the magnitudes of the trends described here they cannot be attributed to differences in prevalence of the type 1 diabetes. Data on rate of mortality (per 100,000 individuals) from CVD and stroke (between 2011 and 2013, age>35years) were also downloaded from CDC web site (www.cdc.gov, National Vital Statistics System and National Centre for Health Statistics). A previous variogram analysis has established that counties are an appropriate spatial level at which to explore the associations of factors to T2D prevalence.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 17000000
• Est. completion date: February 1, 2013
• Est. primary completion date: January 1, 2012
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: N/A and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. age>35 years

Exclusion Criteria:

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Cardiovascular Diseases

Intervention

Other:
• all the data collection have done by CDC.
In this study there was no intervention, just simple data collection via CDC.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Chinese Academy of Sciences

References & Publications (2)

Mazidi M, Speakman JR. Higher densities of fast-food and full-service restaurants are not associated with obesity prevalence. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 May 31. pii: ajcn151407. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.151407. [Epub ahead of print] — View Citation

Speakman JR, Heidari-Bakavoli S. Type 2 diabetes, but not obesity, prevalence is positively associated with ambient temperature. Sci Rep. 2016 Aug 1;6:30409. doi: 10.1038/srep30409. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	association between densities of fast food (FFR) and full service restaurants (FSR) with mortality from CVD and stroke, and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D).	association between densities of fast food (FFR) and full service restaurants (FSR) with mortality from CVD and stroke, and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D).	2011 to 2013

External Links

•   CDC website