View clinical trials related to Carcinoma, Squamous Cell.
Filter by:maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, efficacy of bivatuzumab mertansine
maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, efficacy of bivatuzumab mertansine
This is a study of pembrolizumab (MK-3475, KEYTRUDA®) versus standard treatment (methotrexate, docetaxel or cetuximab) for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either pembrolizumab or Investigator's choice of standard treatment. The primary study hypothesis is that pembrolizumab treatment prolongs Overall Survival (OS) when compared to standard treatment.
This pilot research trial studies circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in predicting outcomes in patients with stage IV head and neck cancer or stage III-IV non-small cell lung cancer. Studying circulating tumor DNA from patients with head and neck or lung cancer in the laboratory may help doctors predict how well patients will respond to treatment.
Given that the cost of proton therapy is considerably higher than that of conventional radiotherapy with photons, it is necessary to establish whether these higher costs are worthwhile in light of the expected advantages2,3,4. Thus, clear evidence of the situations in which proton therapy outperforms conventional photon treatment is needed. The investigators therefore aim to demonstrate through an in silico trial that proton therapy decrease the amount of irradiated normal tissue and, consequently, the risk of side effects in the surrounding normal tissue as well as the risk of secondary tumors. The same overall treatment time and an equal number of fractions will be used for both treatment modalities wherever possible. The most optimal technique for each individual patient, based on objective criteria related to limiting dose to normal tissue, will be prescribed by the institution concerned for each treatment option.
Prevention of critical weight loss. In patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (SCCHN) weight loss is a relevant clinical problem during radiotherapy and might result in higher treatment related toxicity and discontinuation of a potential curative treatment. Thus the investigators want to evaluate the efficacy of overnight parenteral nutritional (PN) support in patients with SCCHN treated with curative radiotherapy (RTX) in combination with Cetuximab (E) or Cisplatin (P).
Accelerated, normofractionated radiotherapy is the treatment of choice in stage II-III laryngeal and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, twenty to thirty percent of patients with stage II-III laryngeal and HPV negative oropharyngeal SCC develop disease progression, mainly due to lack of locoregional control. Radiosensitizers such as cisplatin and cetuximab are added to radiotherapy in more advanced stage of head and neck (H&N) cancer. These radiosensitizers improve loco-regional control and overall survival. Unfortunately, as these radiosensitizers, notably cisplatin, also dose intensify the radiation dose in normal tissues, they also significantly increase toxicity. Adding a more tumor-specific radiosensitizing agent could improve loco-regional control and overall survival without significantly increasing toxicity. Radiotherapy kills tumor cells by inducing DNA damage. The efficacy of radiotherapy is limited by the ability of tumor cells to repair this DNA damage. Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) is an essential enzyme in base excision repair and single strand break DNA repair, DNA lesions arising from radiation treatment. PARP inhibition and consequently the inhibition of PARP-facilitated DNA repair enhances the anti-tumor activity of radiotherapy, as shown in preclinical studies including head and neck xenograft studies. This radiosensitization is thought to be proliferation dependent and is more pronounced in homologous recombination (HR) deficient cells, providing an opportunity for tumor specific targeting. Genetic analyses suggest that HR deficiency is commonly found in H&N SCC: ATM loss has been reported in 60% of human H&N SCC biopsies and FANC-F defects were reported in 15-21% of human H&N SCC biopsies and cell lines. The efficacy of radiotherapy is also limited by tumor hypoxia, as tumor hypoxia results in radioresistance. Some PARP inhibiting compounds increase tumor perfusion in xenograft models, thereby reducing hypoxia and specifically sensitizing tumor cells to radiotherapy. Hypoxia is commonly found in H&N SCC and a high pre-treatment hypoxic fraction in H&N SCC tumors is associated with worse outcome. The high prevalence of both hypoxia and HR deficiencies in H&N SCC support the concept of tumor-specific radiosensitization by PARP inhibition in head and neck cancer patients. Olaparib is a potent PARP inhibitor developed as an anti-cancer drug for HR defected tumors and as a dose intensifier for chemo- and radiotherapy. In humans, olaparib has a low toxicity profile as a single agent, with increasing bone marrow toxicity when combined with chemotherapy. The combination of olaparib and radiotherapy for H&N SCC is expected to improve locoregional control and thereby overall survival. However, this combination treatment has never been tested in humans before. The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and tolerability of radiotherapy for stage II-III laryngeal and stage II-III HPV-negative oropharyngeal SCC with concurrent olaparib.
Standard-of-care treatment options for oropharyngeal cancer often result in long-term side effects that interfere with normal quality of life. A minimally-invasive transoral robotic surgery (TORS) approach has been developed to operate on the disease site while affecting the surrounding tissue as little as possible. Researchers think that this approach may help to control the disease and avoid such long-term side effects. The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if minimally-invasive transoral robotic surgery (TORS) can help to control HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer. Transoral means through the mouth. The TORS approach is called the Intuitive Surgical da Vinci Surgical System. Researchers also want to learn if this surgery affects participants' ability to speak and swallow.
Can vibrational spectroscopy be used to accurately assess vulval skin conditions? Vulval skin disorders are common and the diagnosis of these conditions can be difficult. Reliable discrimination between benign vulval skin conditions, precancerous conditions or vulval cancer often requires tissue biopsies. In addition the monitoring of patients with vulval disease at risk cancerous change is currently limited to visual assessment often supplemented by multiple invasive tissue biopsies. There are currently no established non invasive tests available for the diagnosis of vulval skin diseases. The vibrational spectroscopic techniques of Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are non invasive diagnostic tools that use the interaction of light within tissues to identify the chemical composition of different tissues. The use of these tools may reduce the need for invasive biopsies to diagnose and monitor women with vulval skin disease. The aim of this project is to explore the use of vibrational spectroscopic techniques in the diagnosis of vulval skin disease. This will be achieved by performing vibrational spectroscopy on samples of tissue previously taken from women with vulval skin disease treated at Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. The results of the spectroscopy will be compared with the routine tests and the accuracy of spectroscopy determined.
The purpose of this study is to find out if the combination of two established anti-cancer therapies are beneficial in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Specifically, investigators want to determine if the combination of 5-FU/Capecitabine (oral pills) and Interferon alpha-2b (injection) can help people with advanced cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. For participants that are not approved for oral capecitabine, treating physicians will use continuous infusion 5-FU. Both 5-FU/Capecitabine and Interferon alpha-2b have been used separately to treat squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and are FDA approved in other cancer types.