View clinical trials related to Blood Donors.
Filter by:Dengue is an infectious disease most prevalent in the world. This disease is endemic in the Caribbean, with an increase in seasonal rains. Several outbreaks have been observed in recent years, in 2001, 2005 and 2007, during which further particularly virulent serotypes have emerged. The clinical expression of dengue fever is variable, ranging from no symptoms to a classical form with fever, and even of severe or lethal bleeding. With the possible existence of silent forms of the disease, there are no data identifying the current level of protection of the population in Martinique / Guadeloupe.
To conduct epidemiological, laboratory, and survey research on volunteer blood donors within the United States to ensure the safety and availability of the United States' blood supply.
To conduct a prospective study of pediatric transfusion recipients to determine the risk of transmitting various infectious agents by blood transfusion.
To determine the seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8) in blood donors from Texas. Also to examine the donors' demographic characteristics and to characterize the KSHV using polymerase chain reaction.
To retain individuals as blood donors once they have entered the voluntary blood donation system and to increase the frequency of their donations.
To assess, in donor-recipient clusters, current models of HIV-1 genetic evolution and pathogenesis, based on the sequence diversity displayed by this lentivirus.
To determine if there were immune sequelae related to the long-term donation of blood or blood products.
To determine the risk of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis C virus (HCV) in cardiac surgery patients before and after donor screening for anti-HCV and surrogate markers of non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH). Also, to characterize donors who were HCV seronegative and who lacked surrogate markers at the time of donation, but whose recipient seroconverted to HCV.
To conduct a multicenter epidemiologic study of the human retroviruses HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I, and HTLV-II in volunteer blood donors from areas of the United States that were reportedly at high and medium or low risk for HIV. Also, to determine the prevalence of retrovirus seropositivity in first time blood donors; and the rate of retrovirus seroconversion in repeat blood donors as a measure of incidence of infection; to ascertain risk factors for antibody-positive donors; to characterize the blood donor population by geographic location, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and donation history to permit analysis on prevalence, incidence, and risk factors; to identify recipients of retrovirus-positive blood units and conduct clinical and laboratory follow-up of these recipients; and to establish a blood specimen repository for long-term storage of specimens from study donors and recipients for future testing.
This protocol is designed to provide a mechanism for the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center to collect and process blood components from paid, healthy volunteer donors for distribution to NIH intramural investigators and FDA researchers for in vitro laboratory use. Donors meeting research donor eligibility criteria will be recruited to donate blood and blood components by standard phlebotomy and apheresis techniques. The investigational nature of the studies in which their blood will be used, and the risks and discomforts of the donation process will be carefully explained to the donors, and a signed informed consent document will be obtained. Donors will be compensated according to an established schedule based on the duration and discomfort of the donation. NIH and FDA investigators requesting blood components for research use will be required to submit an electronic (Web-based) memo of request, briefly describing the nature of the research, and providing assurance that samples provided through this protocol will be used solely for in vitro and not for in vivo research. This protocol also provides a detailed schema for careful and frequent laboratory safety monitoring of repeat research apheresis donors. Blood components for research use will be distributed with a unique product number, and the DTM principal and associate investigators will serve as the custodians of the code that links the product with a donor s identity. The nature of the in vitro studies in which the blood and components collected in this study will be used is not the subject of this protocol, and is not possible to describe, since it involves basic investigative efforts in greater than 170 different NIH and FDA laboratories. The intent of this protocol is not to approve the research itself, but to provide adequate and complete informed consent for the donor, and to assure that the education, counseling, and protection of the study subjects (research blood donors) is performed in accordance with IRB, OHSR, OPRR and other applicable Federal regulatory standards