Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and Autism.

Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Trial

— TMSAUTISME  

Official title:

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and Autism.Implication of the Superior Temporal Sulcus in Normal and Abnormal Social Perception

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01648868
• Other study ID #: P 081232
• Secondary ID: 2009-A01025-52
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: April 6, 2011
• Est. completion date: May 13, 2019

Study information

• Verified date: March 2021
• Source: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

In this protocol we aim to use rTMS to better characterize STS role in normal and abnormal social cognition. With that purpose, we will measure the effect of inhibitory and excitatory rTMS on the fixation time on social scenes (using eye-tracking methodology) or on the ability to recognize human voice/sounds.

Description:

Autism is characterized by severe impairments in verbal and non verbal communication and in social interactions. Results from cerebral imaging studies have suggested that abnormalities located on the superior temporal Sulcus (STS) level would be implicated in social impairments in autism. This abnormalities are both anatomical and functional: 1) rest hypoperfusion detected by positron emission tomography (PET); 2) abnormal activation during social tasks (fMRI) and 3) structural abnormalities shown on anatomical MRI. The STS is implicated in social cognition in normal subjects. Our hypothesis is that these anatomo-functional abnormalities would appear very early in brain development and could be one of the first steps in the cascade of neuronal dysfunction in autism. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a technique which is used in cognitive neuroscience research as well as in therapeutic approaches in certain neurological and psychiatry diseases. It consists on applying a magnetic impulse on the brain trough the scalp in a non-invasive and painless by placing a coil on the surface of the head. This magnetic fields induce an electrical field which modifies activity of those neurons inside the magnetic field and induce an electrophysiological change in the target area. This process allows a non-invasive interaction with the human brain in action during focal stimulations. In cognitive neuroscience research, we are interested in the modifications caused by rTMS in cognitive performances in order to better precise the functional role of the target region. The intensity and the frequency of the impulse can be controlled (frequency <1 Hz = inhibitory effect ; frequency > 3 Hz = excitatory effect). The functional characteristics of a given region and it's eventual dysfunctions may be identified thank to the abnormalities in reactivity and cortical connectivity. The goal of this project is to study inhibitory and excitatory effects of rTMS applied to the STS in healthy controls and patients with autism. This effect will be measured by two main parameters of social cognition: 1) visual perception of social scenes, measured by eye-tracking methodology; 2) auditory perception of human voice. We will study 50 healthy voluntaries controls and 50 patients with a non-syndromic autism (18 to 25 years old; IQ > 60), diagnosed by DSM-IV and ADI-R. All participants will undergo an structural MRI and a rTMS session on the STS. In both cases, the STS will be localised based on the structural MRI. The total duration of the rTMS session is about two hours. All data will be analysed by the adapted statistical methods. This study will allow a better understanding of the role of STS in social cognition in healthy subjects as well as it's implication in the social impairments which characterize autism. Finally, the rTMS may become, in a near future, a innovative therapeutic strategy in autism.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 97
• Est. completion date: May 13, 2019
• Est. primary completion date: September 27, 2017
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 30 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients with autism

• Age from 18 to 30 years old

• Autism diagnosed by DSM-IV and ADI-R

• IQ > 60 or able to have an MRI

• Social security registration

• Consent form signed by patient or legal tutor

Healthy controls

• Age from 18 to 30 years old

• Medical exam previous to the interventions

• Social security registration

• Consent form signed

Exclusion Criteria:

All Patients

• Indication against MRI (pace-maker, metallic pieces in the body, working with metals)

• Indications against rTMS (epilepsy, epilepsy family history, craniotomy scarf, pace maker or neuron stimulator, intraocular or intra-cerebral strange metallic piece, cochlear implant, cardiac valve, chirurgical metallic arterial material, metallic material susceptible to concentrate radio-frequency impulse)

• Claustrophobia

• Pregnant woman

• Women in a fertile age with no efficient contraception method

• Use of drugs diminishing cortical excitability

• Participation in another clinical trial that forbids the participation in this one

• Have already being treated by some electrical or magnetic stimulation technique ( transcutaneous or radicular stimulation)

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Autistic Disorder

Intervention

Device:
• Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
Excitatory effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) applied to the STS in patients with autism.
• Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
Inhibitory effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) applied to the STS in healthy controls

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
France	Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades	Paris

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

Country where clinical trial is conducted

France, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Fixation time in eyes, mouth and face areas	Fixation time in eyes, mouth and face areas during the presentation of social scenes	1 day
Secondary	Eye-tracking or voice human perception correlation	Data from eye-tracking or voice human perception (before and after Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - TMS) will be correlated to different scores of Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI) : social, communication and repetitive behaviours.	1 day
Secondary	Fractional anisotropy covariation	Covariation of fractional anisotropy (FA) with data from eye-tracking or human voice perception (before and after TMS)	1 day
Secondary	Fractional anisotropy comparison	Comparison of fractional anisotropy (FA) between autistic patients and healthy controls	1 day