Atopic Dermatitis Clinical Trial
Official title:
Assessment of Skin Epithelial Barrier Defects in Patients With Allergic Skin Disorders by Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
The primary function of epithelial tissues is to form a barrier between the body and the
external environment, in order to protect the internal tissues from environmental stresses,
by minimizing water loss and preventing the entry of pathogens, pollutants and allergens.
Allergic disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, have been associated to an impaired epithelial
barrier function. Indeed, defects in the epithelial barriers allow tissue-damaging factors to
enter the tissue and thus activate the immune response. This study aims to establish a method
to assess the epithelial barrier function in vivo by electrical impedance (EI) spectroscopy,
a new technique for the characterisation of epithelial tissue. By this technique, a harmless
electrical signal is sent through the skin and the response of the tissue is analysed, which
is influenced by several cellular properties, such as shape, orientation and size. In order
to validate this technique, skin of mice was treated with some molecules able to destroy the
epithelial barrier. The investigators observed that, after damaging the barrier, a decrease
of the EI can be detected, consistent with the type and degree of the damage.
Based on this result, the investigators believe that this technique is a good candidate as an
in vivo method to determine skin barrier defects, which might be used in the future as an
early diagnostic tool for the prediction of the risk to develop atopic dermatitis in young
subjects, allowing the possibility to apply in time possible preventive measures. In
addition, this technique might be suitable for the evaluation of a given therapy during the
hospitalisation. To confirm this hypothesis, in the present study patients with atopic
dermatitis will be recruited. EI measurements will be performed in both lesional and
non-lesional skin and values will be compared in order to detect any difference in the
electrical response due to the inflammatory state. In addition, in order to evaluate whether
these patients have an appreciable defect in their skin electrical behaviour, the
investigators will compare non-lesional and lesional skin of patients with skin of healthy
volunteers. Peripheral venous blood and skin biopsies will be collected, in oder to
characterise several immune cell populations, to detect specific skin barrier mutations and
to measure serum cytokines and immunoglobulins. These and some other parameters and will be
analysed in order to identify a possible correlation with the EI.
n/a
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