Oxytocin, Alcohol Craving, and Intimate Partner Aggression

Alcohol Use Clinical Trial

Official title:

Effects of Oxytocin on Alcohol Craving and Intimate Partner Aggression

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03046836
• Other study ID #: 54689
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: July 1, 2017
• Est. completion date: April 11, 2021

Study information

• Verified date: May 2022
• Source: Medical University of South Carolina
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Alcohol use disorders (AUD) and intimate partner aggression (IPA) frequently co-occur. There are significant health and economic burdens associated with AUD and co-occurring IPA, and little empirical data to guide treatment efforts. The neuropeptide oxytocin may help mitigate both AUD and IPA. However, clinical data examining oxytocin's effects on human aggression is scant. The proposed study is designed to address these gaps in the literature by utilizing a human laboratory paradigm to test the effects of oxytocin on craving and aggression among couples with AUD and co-occurring IPA.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 200
• Est. completion date: April 11, 2021
• Est. primary completion date: April 11, 2021
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Inclusion criteria indicate that participants must
• aged 18 or over
• fluent in English
• endorse at least one instance of mild or moderate physical IPA with their partner in the past 6 months as defined by the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS-2)
• both partners must be willing to participate
• one or both partners must meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) criteria for an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Concurrent substance use disorders (e.g., marijuana) is acceptable provided alcohol is the participant's primary substance of choice.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Exclusion criteria include
• pregnancy or breastfeeding
• current or history of psychiatric or medical condition that could interfere with neuroendocrine function (e.g., hematological, endocrine, renal, or pulmonary disease; synthetic glucocorticoid or exogenous steroid therapy; psychotic, bipolar, eating disorders)
• Body Max Index (BMI) = 39
• current suicidal ideation and intent
• severe physical or sexual IPA in the past six months as defined by the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS-2)
• initiation of psychotropic medication in the past 4 weeks
• acute alcohol withdrawal as indicated by a score of 8 or greater on the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale (CIWA-Ar).

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Aggression
• Alcohol Use

Intervention

Drug:
• Oxytocin
40 IU oxytocin nasal spray
• Placebo
Saline

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Medical University of South Carolina	Charleston	South Carolina

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Medical University of South Carolina

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Change in Alcohol Craving	Change in subjective alcohol craving as measured by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) between time point 3 (before the alcohol cue) and 4 (after the alcohol cue).; Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints: Minute 0 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 1) Minute 5 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 2) OT/placebo administered at minute 10 Minute 40 (Time 3) Minute 45 - alcohol cue paradigm began Time 4 (immediately after alcohol cue) Minute 65 - TAP began Time 5 (immediately after TAP began) Time 6 (15 minutes after TAP) Time 7 (30 minutes after TAP) Time 8 (60 minutes after TAP); This 100mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was anchored on a 100mm Likert-type scale from 0 (not at all/no craving) to 10 (extremely/maximum carving). The scale is set to 100mm in length, and the lowest value is a 0 (zero), representing no craving and and highest value is a 10 (ten) representing extreme craving.	Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints. Outcome measure represents the change in VAS scores between time point 3 (before the alcohol cue) and 4 (after the alcohol cue).
Primary	Laboratory Intimate Partner Aggression Intensity (IPA)	Intensity of laboratory-based IPA was assessed using the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP). IPA intensity is operationalized as the volume of "shock" administered on a 1-10 (1 is least intense, 10 is most intense) scale using the computer based paradigm in response to "losing" trials.; TAP is a fictitious reaction time competition among partners. Participants are told that a winning trial required them to deliver a shock to their partner that ranged from 1 to 10 intensity for a duration of their choosing. A losing trial resulted in them receiving a shock from their partner (administered through two electrodes attached to the index and middle fingers of the nondominant hand). In reality, all participants received an identical sequence of "winning" or "losing" trials (and corresponding shocks) generated by the TAP software. IPA was operationalized as the average intensity (volume) and duration of shocks administered in response to "losing" trials.	10 minutes from start to end of TAP
Primary	Laboratory Intimate Partner Aggression (IPA) Duration	Laboratory IPA Duration was measured by the length of time participants administered "shocks" in the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP). Measured in milliseconds. Greater number of milliseconds represents a longer shock.; TAP is a fictitious reaction time competition among partners. Participants are told that a winning trial required them to deliver a shock to their partner that ranged from 1 to 10 intensity for a duration of their choosing. A losing trial resulted in them receiving a shock from their partner (administered through two electrodes attached to the index and middle fingers of the nondominant hand). In reality, all participants received an identical sequence of "winning" or "losing" trials (and corresponding shocks) generated by the TAP software. IPA was operationalized as the average intensity (volume) and duration of shocks administered in response to "losing" trials.	10 minutes from start to end of TAP
Secondary	Change in Cortisol	Change in salivary cortisol measured between Time 4 (before the laboratory aggression paradigm) and Time 5 (after the laboratory aggression paradigm).; Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints: Minute 0 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 1) Minute 5 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 2) OT/placebo administered at minute 10 Minute 40 (Time 3) Minute 45 - alcohol cue paradigm began Time 4 (immediately after alcohol cue) Minute 65 - TAP began Time 5 (immediately after TAP began) Time 6 (15 minutes after TAP) Time 7 (30 minutes after TAP) Time 8 (60 minutes after TAP); Higher salivary cortisol is indicative of higher stress response and lower salivary cortisol is indicative of lower stress response.	Measured between Time 4 (before the laboratory aggression paradigm) and Time 5 (after the laboratory aggression paradigm).
Secondary	Change in Subjective Aggression	Mean change in subjective aggression scores as measured by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) between time point 4 (after alcohol cue) and 5 (during Taylor Aggression Paradigm, TAP).; Participants completed the VAS at 8 timepoints: Minute 0 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 1) Minute 5 (pre-OT/placebo) (Time 2) OT/placebo administered at minute 10 Minute 40 (Time 3) Minute 45 - alcohol cue paradigm began Time 4 (immediately after alcohol cue) Minute 65 - TAP began Time 5 (immediately after TAP began) Time 6 (15 minutes after TAP) Time 7 (30 minutes after TAP) Time 8 (60 minutes after TAP); This 100mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was anchored on a Likert-type scale from 0 (not at all/no aggression) to 10 (extremely/maximum aggression). The scale is set to 100mm in length, and the lowest value is a 0 (zero), representing no aggression and and highest value is a 10 (ten) representing extreme aggression.	Change is aggression measured between time point 4 (after the alcohol cue) and 5 (during Taylor Aggression Paradigm).