PPV: Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Older Adults

Aging Clinical Trial

Official title:

Immunogenicity of Pneumococcal Vaccination and Revaccination in Older Adults

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00239694
• Other study ID #: AG0055
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 4
• First received: October 13, 2005
• Last updated: July 14, 2015
• Start date: April 2001
• Est. completion date: August 2012

Study information

• Verified date: July 2015
• Source: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this study is to measure how long the improvement in the immune system lasts in older people after they have been vaccinated, and to examine the immune response in older people who get vaccinated a second time.

Description:

Streptococcus pneumonia is the leading cause of pneumonia the United States, estimated to cause at least 500,000 cases annually and 40,000 deaths. Interest in expanding pneumococcal vaccine administration has arisen with the increased prevalence of antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae, increasing numbers of people living with chronic medical conditions, and the aging population.

Extensive studies on vaccine response in older persons have been performed over the past 25 years. However, a number of issues hindered the assessment of vaccine response in older people. Recent studies indicate most healthy older people develop an initial antibody response to vaccination similar to younger cohorts, although antibody response to some serotypes may be less. Limited data suggest functional antibody will develop at least initially after vaccination in older recipients. There are no published reports describing the duration of antibody response or antibody function after revaccination in older patients.

It is difficult to predict the revaccination response and, for those with elevated pre-revaccination antibody, there may be no response to revaccination, or even a lowering of absolute antibody level. Accordingly, a well-controlled revaccination protocol in which older patients with defined vaccine history and known pre-revaccination antibody level are studied for quantitative and qualitative antibody response to revaccination is sorely needed.

The hypotheses for this study are:

1. Specific antipneumococcal antibody will remain above prevaccination level in the serum of healthy older people for up to ten years after PPV.

2. Healthy older people will have a prompt and robust vaccine response to primary vaccination with PPV.

3. The existence of antipneumococcal antibody in healthy older people who had been vaccinated with PPV >5 years previously will not be associated with more pronounced or frequent adverse events or a reduced vaccine response rate.

4. The effect of advanced age will account for a reduced vaccine response.

Volunteers in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) will be asked to participate in this retrospective/prospective analysis. Two pools of participants will be recruited. The first group (Group I) will be 65 years and older who had received PPV five or more years earlier, and the second (Group II) will be decade and gender matched individuals with no prior exposure to PPV. These groups will be matched as closely as possible.

All volunteers (Groups I and II) will receive the same vaccines. In one arm they will receive PPV (for group I this will be revaccination and for group II this will be primary vaccination). In the other arm they will receive Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (MPV) (primary vaccination for both groups I and II).

Blood samples will be drawn before and after vaccination on day 0 (the day of vaccination), on day 28, and at 6 months following vaccination. Approximately six months after the last vaccination participants will be asked to complete a brief medical history update, either by telephone, by mail, or during their regularly scheduled BLSA visit. This update will continue to be performed every six months for the duration of the study.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 100
• Est. completion date: August 2012
• Est. primary completion date: August 2012
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 65 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Enrolled in the BLSA with at least 2 stored blood samples post vaccination

• 65 years old or older

• Previously vaccinated with Pneumovax at least 5 years ago or never vaccinated

• Willing to receive vaccination with pneumococcal and meningococcal injection

• Able to provide informed consent

• Has never received a meningococcal vaccine

Exclusion Criteria:

• Hypersensitivity to the pneumococcal or meningococcal vaccine

• Ever received the Meningococcal vaccine

• History of non-skin cancer

• History of myeloproliferative disorder

• History of HIV

• Received a Bone Marrow Transplant

• Taking prednisone (more than 5 mg/day) or other immunosuppressive medication

• Evidence of severe liver or renal disease (serum creatine >2.0 mg/dL or Total Bilirubin >2.0

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Aging

Intervention

Biological:
• Pneumococcal Vaccine
One time preventative vaccine
• Meningococcal Vaccine
One time preventative vaccine

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	National Institute on Aging	Baltimore	Maryland

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
National Institute on Aging (NIA)

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (3)

Hedlund J, Ortqvist A, Konradsen HB, Kalin M. Recurrence of pneumonia in relation to the antibody response after pneumococcal vaccination in middle-aged and elderly adults. Scand J Infect Dis. 2000;32(3):281-6. — View Citation

Hilleman MR, Carlson AJ Jr, McLean AA, Vella PP, Weibel RE, Woodhour AF. Streptococcus pneumoniae polysaccharide vaccine: age and dose responses, safety, persistence of antibody, revaccination, and simultaneous administration of pneumococcal and influenza vaccines. Rev Infect Dis. 1981 Mar-Apr;3 Suppl:S31-42. Review. — View Citation

Musher DM, Luchi MJ, Watson DA, Hamilton R, Baughn RE. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in young adults and older bronchitics: determination of IgG responses by ELISA and the effect of adsorption of serum with non-type-specific cell wall polysaccharide. J Infect Dis. 1990 Apr;161(4):728-35. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Pre and post vaccination (groups I and II) serum samples		Day 0, day 28, and 6 months following vaccination and days on each BLSA site visit