Acute Febrile Illnesses Clinical Trial
Official title:
Etiologies of Acute Febrile Illness Among Adults Attending an Outpatient Department in Dar es Salaam
Following the decline of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa, clinicians face febrile patients in
whom an alternative diagnosis has to be made. This situation has led to an overuse of
antibiotics by clinicians. It is crucial to increase knowledge on etiologies and risk
factors of outpatient febrile illness in order to improve their management.
This present proposal aims to investigate the etiologies of fever among adult patients
attending an outpatient department in urban Tanzania. It also aims to assess the clinical
significance of nasopharyngeal (NP) respiratory viruses and bacteria documentation in this
setting. Third, it aims to compare the spectrum of infections in this population with that
of children included in the same setting in a previous study. The last objective is to
assess diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor for infection and exposure to indoor air
pollution (IAP) as a risk factor for acute respiratory infections (ARI) in adults in
Tanzania.
The investigators hypothesize that acute respiratory infections are the main cause of adult
febrile illness in a urban low-income setting and that use of quantitative molecular assays
on naso-oropharyngeal samples can improve the diagnosis of pneumonia. The investigators also
think that the spectrum of infections is different between children and adults, mainly due
to a high HIV prevalence in adults. The investigators also hypothesize that experiencing IAP
and/ or DM is a risk factor for infections in adults.
| Status | Completed |
| Enrollment | 538 |
| Est. completion date | July 2014 |
| Est. primary completion date | July 2014 |
| Accepts healthy volunteers | No |
| Gender | Both |
| Age group | 18 Years and older |
| Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria: - Temperature >=38°C - History of fever for less than 8 days - First consultation for the present problem Exclusion Criteria: - Refusal of HIV screening - Main complaint is injury or trauma - Antibiotic treatment in the last 7 days - Within 6 weeks after delivery - Hospitalization during the last month |
Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Prospective
| Country | Name | City | State |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tanzania | Mwananyamala Hospital | Dar es Salaam |
| Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
|---|---|
| Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute | Ifakara Health Institute |
Tanzania,
| Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other | Strength of association between each febrile disease and diabetes mellitus and between acute respiratory infections and indoor air pollution | Screening of diabetes mellitus and screening of exposure to indoor air pollution will be performed among patients with fever. The strength of association between diabetes and each type of febrile disease and exposure to indoor air pollution and acute respiratory infections will be measured. | 1 year | No |
| Primary | Proportion of patients with each disease among all febrile patients, overall and stratified by HIV status | Description of the distribution of causes of fever based on pre-defined case definitions for each disease. | 1 year | No |
| Secondary | Proportion of febrile patients with acute respiratory infection infected with a certain respiratory pathogen, compared to the proportion of healthy controls infected with the same pathogen. | Nasopharyngeal respiratory viruses and bacteria documentation (presence/absence as well as pathogen loads) will be compared between patients with acute respiratory infection and a control group of healthy volunteers | 1 year | No |
| Status | Clinical Trial | Phase | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Completed |
NCT03047642 -
Validation of Promising Biomarker Assays to Assess Their Diagnostic Performance Characteristics
|