White Spot Lesion of Tooth — Remineralization Agents for the Treatment of White Spot Lesions
Citation(s)
Cosma LL, Suhani RD, Mesaros A, Badea ME Current treatment modalities of orthodontically induced white spot lesions and their outcome - a literature review. Med Pharm Rep. 2019 Jan;92(1):25-30. doi: 10.15386/cjmed-1090. Epub 2019 Jan 15.
Goswami M, Saha S, Chaitra TR Latest developments in non-fluoridated remineralizing technologies. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2012 Jan-Mar;30(1):2-6. doi: 10.4103/0970-4388.95561.
Khoroushi M, Kachuie M Prevention and Treatment of White Spot Lesions in Orthodontic Patients. Contemp Clin Dent. 2017 Jan-Mar;8(1):11-19. doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_216_17.
Memarpour M, Shafiei F, Rafiee A, Soltani M, Dashti MH Effect of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on enamel remineralization and estimation of fissure sealant bond strength to remineralized tooth surfaces: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2019 May 28;19(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0785-6.
Pradeep K, Kumar PR Remineralizing agents in the non-invasive treatment of early carious lesions. Int J Dent Case Rep 2011; 1:73-84.
Sonesson M, Bergstrand F, Gizani S, Twetman S Management of post-orthodontic white spot lesions: an updated systematic review. Eur J Orthod. 2017 Apr 1;39(2):116-121. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjw023.
Umeh OD, Utomi IL, Ndukwe AN, Izuka M Demineralization preventive practices among Nigerian orthodontists-An evidence-based approach? Niger J Clin Pract. 2020 May;23(5):589-595. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_315_19.
A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Remineralization Agents Used for the Treatment of White Spot Lesions
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
