Vitamin D Deficiency — Central Sensitization in Vitamin D Deficiency
Citation(s)
Akyuz G, Sanal-Toprak C, Yagci I, Giray E, Kuru-Bektasoglu P The effect of vitamin D supplementation on pain, quality of life, and nerve conduction studies in women with chronic widespread pain. Int J Rehabil Res. 2017 Mar;40(1):76-83. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0000000000000211.
Hamilton B Vitamin D and human skeletal muscle. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010 Apr;20(2):182-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01016.x. Epub 2009 Oct 5. Review.
Haroon M, FitzGerald O Vitamin D deficiency: subclinical and clinical consequences on musculoskeletal health. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2012 Jun;14(3):286-93. doi: 10.1007/s11926-012-0244-8. Review.
Holick MF, Chen TC Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Apr;87(4):1080S-6S. Review.
Holick MF Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Mar;79(3):362-71. Review. Erratum in: Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 May;79(5):890.
Kuru P, Akyuz G, Yagci I, Giray E Hypovitaminosis D in widespread pain: its effect on pain perception, quality of life and nerve conduction studies. Rheumatol Int. 2015 Feb;35(2):315-22. doi: 10.1007/s00296-014-3099-7. Epub 2014 Aug 2.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
