Vestibular Migraine — Galcanezumab for Vestibular Migraine
Citation(s)
Formeister EJ, Rizk HG, Kohn MA, Sharon JD The Epidemiology of Vestibular Migraine: A Population-based Survey Study. Otol Neurotol. 2018 Sep;39(8):1037-1044. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000001900.
Furman JM, Marcus DA, Balaban CD Vestibular migraine: clinical aspects and pathophysiology. Lancet Neurol. 2013 Jul;12(7):706-15. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70107-8.
Lepcha A, Amalanathan S, Augustine AM, Tyagi AK, Balraj A Flunarizine in the prophylaxis of migrainous vertigo: a randomized controlled trial. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014 Nov;271(11):2931-6. doi: 10.1007/s00405-013-2786-4. Epub 2013 Oct 29.
Mikulec AA, Faraji F, Kinsella LJ Evaluation of the efficacy of caffeine cessation, nortriptyline, and topiramate therapy in vestibular migraine and complex dizziness of unknown etiology. Am J Otolaryngol. 2012 Jan-Feb;33(1):121-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2011.04.010. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
Reploeg MD, Goebel JA Migraine-associated dizziness: patient characteristics and management options. Otol Neurotol. 2002 May;23(3):364-71. doi: 10.1097/00129492-200205000-00024.
Salviz M, Yuce T, Acar H, Karatas A, Acikalin RM Propranolol and venlafaxine for vestibular migraine prophylaxis: A randomized controlled trial. Laryngoscope. 2016 Jan;126(1):169-74. doi: 10.1002/lary.25445. Epub 2015 Jul 30.
Van Ombergen A, Van Rompaey V, Van de Heyning P, Wuyts F Vestibular migraine in an otolaryngology clinic: prevalence, associated symptoms, and prophylactic medication effectiveness. Otol Neurotol. 2015 Jan;36(1):133-8. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000000596.
Vass Z, Dai CF, Steyger PS, Jancso G, Trune DR, Nuttall AL Co-localization of the vanilloid capsaicin receptor and substance P in sensory nerve fibers innervating cochlear and vertebro-basilar arteries. Neuroscience. 2004;124(4):919-27. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2003.12.030.
A Pilot Trial of Galcanezumab for Vestibular Migraine
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
