Ventilator Associated Pneumonia — "Lung Barometric Measurements in Normal And in Respiratory Distressed Lungs"
Citation(s)
Lundin S, Grivans C, Stenqvist O Transpulmonary pressure and lung elastance can be estimated by a PEEP-step manoeuvre. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2015 Feb;59(2):185-96. doi: 10.1111/aas.12442. Epub 2014 Dec 2.
Persson P, Lundin S, Stenqvist O Transpulmonary and pleural pressure in a respiratory system model with an elastic recoiling lung and an expanding chest wall. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2016 Dec;4(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s40635-016-0103-4. Epub 2016 Sep 20.
Persson P, Stenqvist O, Lundin S Evaluation of lung and chest wall mechanics during anaesthesia using the PEEP-step method. Br J Anaesth. 2018 Apr;120(4):860-867. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.076. Epub 2017 Dec 1.
Stenqvist O, Grivans C, Andersson B, Lundin S Lung elastance and transpulmonary pressure can be determined without using oesophageal pressure measurements. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012 Jul;56(6):738-47. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2012.02696.x. Epub 2012 Apr 23.
Stenqvist O, Persson P, Lundin S Can we estimate transpulmonary pressure without an esophageal balloon?-yes. Ann Transl Med. 2018 Oct;6(19):392. doi: 10.21037/atm.2018.06.05.
Stenqvist O, Persson P, Stahl CA, Lundin S Monitoring transpulmonary pressure during anaesthesia using the PEEP-step method. Br J Anaesth. 2018 Dec;121(6):1373-1375. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.08.018. Epub 2018 Oct 9. No abstract available.
"Lung Barometric Measurements in Normal And in Respiratory Distressed Lungs"
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
