Venipuncture — Support Activities for the Reduction of Distress and Pain in Children During Venipuncture
Citation(s)
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Meiri N, Ankri A, Hamad-Saied M, Konopnicki M, Pillar G The effect of medical clowning on reducing pain, crying, and anxiety in children aged 2-10 years old undergoing venous blood drawing--a randomized controlled study. Eur J Pediatr. 2016 Mar;175(3):373-9. doi: 10.1007/s00431-015-2652-z. Epub 2015 Oct 16.
Uman LS, Birnie KA, Noel M, Parker JA, Chambers CT, McGrath PJ, Kisely SR Psychological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Oct 10;(10):CD005179. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005179.pub3. Review. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Oct 04;10:CD005179.
Uman LS, Chambers CT, McGrath PJ, Kisely S Psychological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Oct 18;(4):CD005179. Review. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;10:CD005179.
Wolyniez I, Rimon A, Scolnik D, Gruber A, Tavor O, Haviv E, Glatstein M The effect of a medical clown on pain during intravenous access in the pediatric emergency department: a randomized prospective pilot study. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2013 Dec;52(12):1168-72. doi: 10.1177/0009922813502257. Epub 2013 Sep 11.
Yoo H, Kim S, Hur HK, Kim HS The effects of an animation distraction intervention on pain response of preschool children during venipuncture. Appl Nurs Res. 2011 May;24(2):94-100. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2009.03.005. Epub 2009 Jul 15.
Animal Assisted Activity, Clowns and Music for the Reduction of Distress and Pain in Children During Venipuncture
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
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Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
