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  •   Avery K, Donovan J, Peters TJ, Shaw C, Gotoh M, Abrams P
    ICIQ: a brief and robust measure for evaluating the symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn. 2004;23(4):322-30. doi: 10.1002/nau.20041.
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    (1992). Pressure measurements during pelvic floor muscle contractions: the effect of different positions of the vaginal measuring device. Neurourol Urodyn, 11, 107-113.
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    , Kvarstein, B., Hagen, R., & Larsen, S. (1990a). Pelvic floor muscle exercise for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: II.Validity of vaginal pressure measurements of pelvic floor muscle strength and the necessity of supplementary methods for control of correct contraction. Neurourol Urodyn, 9, 479-487.
  •   Braekken IH, Stuge B, Tveter AT, Bo K
    Reliability, validity and responsiveness of pelvic floor muscle surface electromyography and manometry. Int Urogynecol J. 2021 Dec;32(12):3267-3274. doi: 10.1007/s00192-021-04881-0. Epub 2021 Jun 17.
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    Epidemiology and natural history of pelvic floor dysfunction. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1998 Dec;25(4):723-46. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8545(05)70039-5.
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    Volume of training and the ranking level are associated with the leakage of urine in young female trampolinists. Clin J Sport Med. 2015 May;25(3):270-5. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000129.
  •   de Mattos Lourenco TR, Matsuoka PK, Baracat EC, Haddad JM
    Urinary incontinence in female athletes: a systematic review. Int Urogynecol J. 2018 Dec;29(12):1757-1763. doi: 10.1007/s00192-018-3629-z. Epub 2018 Mar 19.
  •   Diaz, D
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  •   Dumoulin C, Cacciari LP, Hay-Smith EJC
    Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Oct 4;10(10):CD005654. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005654.pub4.
  •   Eliasson K, Edner A, Mattsson E
    Urinary incontinence in very young and mostly nulliparous women with a history of regular organised high-impact trampoline training: occurrence and risk factors. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2008 May;19(5):687-96. doi: 10.1007/s00192-007-0508-4. Epub 2008 Jan 26.
  •   Elks W, Jaramillo-Huff A, Barnes KL, Petersen TR, Komesu YM
    The Stress Urinary Incontinence in CrossFit (SUCCeSS) Study. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2020 Feb;26(2):101-106. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000815.
  •   Ferreira, S
    , Ferreira, M., Carvalhais, A., Santos, P. C., Rocha, P., & Brochado, G. (2014). Reeducation of pelvic floor muscles in volleyball athletes. Rev Assoc Med Bras, 60(5), 428-433.
  •   Forner LB, Beckman EM, Smith MD
    Do women runners report more pelvic floor symptoms than women in CrossFit(R)? A cross-sectional survey. Int Urogynecol J. 2021 Feb;32(2):295-302. doi: 10.1007/s00192-020-04531-x. Epub 2020 Sep 21.
  •   Haylen BT, de Ridder D, Freeman RM, Swift SE, Berghmans B, Lee J, Monga A, Petri E, Rizk DE, Sand PK, Schaer GN
    An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic floor dysfunction. Int Urogynecol J. 2010 Jan;21(1):5-26. doi: 10.1007/s00192-009-0976-9. Epub 2009 Nov 25.
  •   Jacome C, Oliveira D, Marques A, Sa-Couto P
    Prevalence and impact of urinary incontinence among female athletes. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011 Jul;114(1):60-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2011.02.004. Epub 2011 May 14.
  •   Milsom, I
    , Altman, D., Cartwright, R., Lapitan, M. C. M., Nelson, R., Sjöström, S., & Tikkinen, K. A. O. (2017). Epidemiology of urinary incontinence (UI) and other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and anal (AI) incontinence. In P. C. Abrams, L.; Wagg, A.; Wein, A. (Ed.), Incontinence (Vol. 1, pp. 1-141). Tokyo: 6th International Consultation on Incontinence.
  •   Morkved S, Bo K
    The effect of postpartum pelvic floor muscle exercise in the prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 1997;8(4):217-22. doi: 10.1007/BF02765817.
  •   Nygaard IE, Shaw JM
    Physical activity and the pelvic floor. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Feb;214(2):164-171. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.08.067. Epub 2015 Sep 6.
  •   Nygaard IE, Thompson FL, Svengalis SL, Albright JP
    Urinary incontinence in elite nulliparous athletes. Obstet Gynecol. 1994 Aug;84(2):183-7. Erratum In: Obstet Gynecol 1994 Sep;84(3):342.
  •   Nystrom E, Sjostrom M, Stenlund H, Samuelsson E
    ICIQ symptom and quality of life instruments measure clinically relevant improvements in women with stress urinary incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn. 2015 Nov;34(8):747-51. doi: 10.1002/nau.22657. Epub 2014 Aug 22.
  •   Piercy KL, Troiano RP
    Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans From the US Department of Health and Human Services. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2018 Nov;11(11):e005263. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.118.005263. No abstract available.
  •   Poli de Araujo M, Brito LGO, Rossi F, Garbiere ML, Vilela ME, Bittencourt VF; Cross Continence Brazil Collaboration Group
    Prevalence of Female Urinary Incontinence in Crossfit Practitioners and Associated Factors: An Internet Population-Based Survey. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2020 Feb;26(2):97-100. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000823.
  •   Poswiata A, Socha T, Opara J
    Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in elite female endurance athletes. J Hum Kinet. 2014 Dec 30;44:91-6. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2014-0114. eCollection 2014 Dec 9.
  •   Rivalta M, Sighinolfi MC, Micali S, De Stefani S, Torcasio F, Bianchi G
    Urinary incontinence and sport: first and preliminary experience with a combined pelvic floor rehabilitation program in three female athletes. Health Care Women Int. 2010 May;31(5):435-43. doi: 10.1080/07399330903324254.
  •   Ruiz-Zapata, A
    M., Feola, A. J., Heesakkers, J., de Graaf, P., Blaganje, M., & Sievert, K. D. (2018). Biomechanical Properties of the Pelvic Floor and its Relation to Pelvic Floor Disorders. European Urology Supplements, 17(3), 80-90.
  •   Sacomori C, Cardoso FL, Porto IP, Negri NB
    The development and psychometric evaluation of a self-efficacy scale for practicing pelvic floor exercises. Braz J Phys Ther. 2013 Jul-Aug;17(4):336-42. doi: 10.1590/S1413-35552013005000104. Epub 2013 Aug 30. English, Portuguese.
  •   Sherman RA, Davis GD, Wong MF
    Behavioral treatment of exercise-induced urinary incontinence among female soldiers. Mil Med. 1997 Oct;162(10):690-4.
  •   Skaug KL, Engh ME, Frawley H, Bo K
    Prevalence of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction, Bother, and Risk Factors and Knowledge of the Pelvic Floor Muscles in Norwegian Male and Female Powerlifters and Olympic Weightlifters. J Strength Cond Res. 2022 Oct 1;36(10):2800-2807. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003919. Epub 2020 Dec 3.
  •   Tennfjord MK, Engh ME, Bo K
    An intra- and interrater reliability and agreement study of vaginal resting pressure, pelvic floor muscle strength, and muscular endurance using a manometer. Int Urogynecol J. 2017 Oct;28(10):1507-1514. doi: 10.1007/s00192-017-3290-y. Epub 2017 Mar 16.
  •   Wikander L, Kirshbaum MN, Gahreman DE
    Urinary Incontinence and Women CrossFit Competitors. Int J Womens Health. 2020 Dec 14;12:1189-1195. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S278222. eCollection 2020.
  •   Wikander L, Kirshbaum MN, Waheed N, Gahreman DE
    Urinary Incontinence in Competitive Women Powerlifters: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Sports Med Open. 2021 Dec 7;7(1):89. doi: 10.1186/s40798-021-00387-7.
  •   Wikander L, Kirshbaum MN, Waheed N, Gahreman DE
    Urinary Incontinence in Competitive Women Weightlifters. J Strength Cond Res. 2022 Nov 1;36(11):3130-3135. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004052. Epub 2021 Jun 3.
  •   Woodley SJ, Boyle R, Cody JD, Morkved S, Hay-Smith EJC
    Pelvic floor muscle training for prevention and treatment of urinary and faecal incontinence in antenatal and postnatal women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Dec 22;12(12):CD007471. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007471.pub3.
  •   Yalcin I, Bump RC
    Validation of two global impression questionnaires for incontinence. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Jul;189(1):98-101. doi: 10.1067/mob.2003.379.
  •   Yang J, Cheng JW, Wagner H, Lohman E, Yang SH, Krishingner GA, Trofimova A, Alsyouf M, Staack A
    The effect of high impact crossfit exercises on stress urinary incontinence in physically active women. Neurourol Urodyn. 2019 Feb;38(2):749-756. doi: 10.1002/nau.23912. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Effect of Pelvic Floor Muscles Training on Symptoms, Bother and Amount of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Female CrossFit and Functional Fitness Exercisers. An Assessor Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

Details for clinical trial NCT05341024