NCT00710970 - Clinical Trial References

Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.

Citation(s)

Kim HT, Kim BC, Kim IY, Mamura M, Seong DH, Jang JJ, Kim SJ
Raloxifene, a mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist, induces apoptosis through cleavage of BAD in TSU-PR1 human cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 6;277(36):32510-5. Epub 2002 Jun 25.
Shen SS, Smith CL, Hsieh JT, Yu J, Kim IY, Jian W, Sonpavde G, Ayala GE, Younes M, Lerner SP
Expression of estrogen receptors-alpha and -beta in bladder cancer cell lines and human bladder tumor tissue. Cancer. 2006 Jun 15;106(12):2610-6.

H-16848 - Phase II Pilot Study With Correlative Markers of Tamoxifen for Progressive Transitional Cell Carcinoma Following Previous Chemotherapy

Clinical trial NCT00710970 - References