Ulcerative Colitis — Improving Outcomes Among Urgent Care Clinic Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Citation(s)
Cross RK, Kane S Integration of Telemedicine Into Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology Practice. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Feb;15(2):175-181. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.09.011. Epub 2016 Dec 16.
Kemp K, Griffiths J, Campbell S, Lovell K An exploration of the follow-up up needs of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2013 Oct;7(9):e386-95. doi: 10.1016/j.crohns.2013.03.001. Epub 2013 Mar 27.
Novak K, Veldhuyzen Van Zanten S, Pendharkar SR Improving access in gastroenterology: the single point of entry model for referrals. Can J Gastroenterol. 2013 Nov;27(11):633-5. Epub 2013 Sep 13.
Park MD, Bhattacharya J, Park K Differences in healthcare expenditures for inflammatory bowel disease by insurance status, income, and clinical care setting. PeerJ. 2014 Sep 23;2:e587. doi: 10.7717/peerj.587. eCollection 2014.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
