Tuberculosis — Dried Blood Spot Test to Assess TB in Pregnancy
Citation(s)
Gruner N, Stambouli O, Ross RS Dried blood spots--preparing and processing for use in immunoassays and in molecular techniques. J Vis Exp. 2015 Mar 13;(97):52619. doi: 10.3791/52619.
McAllister G, Shepherd S, Templeton K, Aitken C, Gunson R Long term stability of HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HCV in dried blood spot samples and eluates. J Clin Virol. 2015 Oct;71:10-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.303. Epub 2015 Jul 29.
Ostler MW, Porter JH, Buxton OM Dried blood spot collection of health biomarkers to maximize participation in population studies. J Vis Exp. 2014 Jan 28;(83):e50973. doi: 10.3791/50973.
Sharma A, Jaiswal S, Shukla M, Lal J Dried blood spots: concepts, present status, and future perspectives in bioanalysis. Drug Test Anal. 2014 May;6(5):399-414. doi: 10.1002/dta.1646. Epub 2014 Apr 1.
Sweeney TE, Braviak L, Tato CM, Khatri P Genome-wide expression for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a multicohort analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2016 Mar;4(3):213-24. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(16)00048-5. Epub 2016 Feb 20.
Dried Blood Spot Test to Assess TB in Pregnancy in Remote and Resource Limited Areas
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
