Trigger Finger — Needle-Free Injection of Lidocaine for Local Anesthesia Prior to Trigger Digit Injection
Citation(s)
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Jimenez N, Bradford H, Seidel KD, Sousa M, Lynn AM A comparison of a needle-free injection system for local anesthesia versus EMLA for intravenous catheter insertion in the pediatric patient. Anesth Analg. 2006 Feb;102(2):411-4.
Kolind-Sorensen V Treatment of trigger fingers. Acta Orthop Scand. 1970;41(4):428-32.
Lapidus PW, Guidotti FP Stenosing tenovaginitis of the wrist and fingers. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1972 Mar-Apr;83:87-90.
Lysakowski C, Dumont L, Tramèr MR, Tassonyi E A needle-free jet-injection system with lidocaine for peripheral intravenous cannula insertion: a randomized controlled trial with cost-effectiveness analysis. Anesth Analg. 2003 Jan;96(1):215-9, table of contents.
Murphy D, Failla JM, Koniuch MP Steroid versus placebo injection for trigger finger. J Hand Surg Am. 1995 Jul;20(4):628-31. Erratum in: J Hand Surg [Am] 1995 Nov;20(6):1075.
Rhoades CE, Gelberman RH, Manjarris JF Stenosing tenosynovitis of the fingers and thumb. Results of a prospective trial of steroid injection and splinting. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1984 Nov;(190):236-8.
Spanos S, Booth R, Koenig H, Sikes K, Gracely E, Kim IK Jet Injection of 1% buffered lidocaine versus topical ELA-Max for anesthesia before peripheral intravenous catheterization in children: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2008 Aug;24(8):511-5. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e31816a8d5b.
Needle-Free Injection of Lidocaine for Local Anesthesia Prior to Trigger Digit Injection
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
