Total Hip Arthroplasty — Bone Remodeling Around a Trabecular Titanium Cup in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Citation(s)
Baad-Hansen T, Kold S, Nielsen PT, Laursen MB, Christensen PH, Soballe K Comparison of trabecular metal cups and titanium fiber-mesh cups in primary hip arthroplasty: a randomized RSA and bone mineral densitometry study of 50 hips. Acta Orthop. 2011 Apr;82(2):155-60. doi: 10.3109/17453674.2011.572251. Epub 2011 Mar 25.
Digas G, Karrholm J, Thanner J Different loss of BMD using uncemented press-fit and whole polyethylene cups fixed with cement: repeated DXA studies in 96 hips randomized to 3 types of fixation. Acta Orthop. 2006 Apr;77(2):218-26. doi: 10.1080/17453670610045948.
Laursen MB, Nielsen PT, Soballe K Bone remodelling around HA-coated acetabular cups : a DEXA study with a 3-year follow-up in a randomised trial. Int Orthop. 2007 Apr;31(2):199-204. doi: 10.1007/s00264-006-0148-1. Epub 2006 Jun 8.
Lazarinis S, Milbrink J, Mattsson P, Mallmin H, Hailer NP Bone loss around a stable, partly threaded hydroxyapatite-coated cup: a prospective cohort study using RSA and DXA. Hip Int. 2014 Mar-Apr;24(2):155-66. doi: 10.5301/hipint.5000104. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
