Thrombosis — Heparin Versus no Heparin on Duration of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) Patency in Neonates
Citation(s)
de Neef M, Heijboer H, van Woensel JB, de Haan RJ The efficacy of heparinization in prolonging patency of arterial and central venous catheters in children: a randomized double-blind trial. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2002 Dec;19(8):553-60.
Kamala F, Boo NY, Cheah FC, Birinder K Randomized controlled trial of heparin for prevention of blockage of peripherally inserted central catheters in neonates. Acta Paediatr. 2002;91(12):1350-6.
Shah PS, Shah VS Continuous heparin infusion to prevent thrombosis and catheter occlusion in neonates with peripherally placed percutaneous central venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Apr 16;(2):CD002772. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002772.pub3. Review.
Comparison of Heparin vs. no Heparin on Duration of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Patency in Neonates
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
