NCT00976313 - Clinical Trial References

Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.

Citation(s)

Appell RA, England HR, Hussell AR, McGuire EJ
The effects of epidural anesthesia on the urethral closure pressure profile in patients with prostatic enlargement. J Urol. 1980 Sep;124(3):410-1.
Axelsson K, Möllefors K, Olsson JO, Lingårdh G, Widman B
Bladder function in spinal anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1985 Apr;29(3):315-21.
Basse L, Werner M, Kehlet H
Is urinary drainage necessary during continuous epidural analgesia after colonic resection? Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2000 Sep-Oct;25(5):498-501.
Kau YC, Lee YH, Li JY, Chen C, Wong SY, Wong TK
Epidural anesthesia does not increase the incidences of urinary retention and hesitancy in micturition after ambulatory hemorrhoidectomy. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin. 2003 Jun;41(2):61-4.
Weiniger CF, Wand S, Nadjari M, Elchalal U, Mankuta D, Ginosar Y, Matot I
Post-void residual volume in labor: a prospective study comparing parturients with and without epidural analgesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2006 Nov;50(10):1297-303. Epub 2006 Sep 15.

Does Thoracic Epidural Analgesia Influence Urinary Micturition by Patients Undergoing Thoracic Surgery? An Observational, Prospective Study

Clinical trial NCT00976313 - References