Tarlov Cysts — Study on Pathogenesis and Treatment of Sacral Tarlov Cysts
Citation(s)
ABBOTT KH, LEIMBACH WH, RETTER RH The role of perineurial sacral cysts in the sciatic and sacrococcygeal syndromes; a review of the literature and report of 9 cases. J Neurosurg. 1957 Jan;14(1):5-21. doi: 10.3171/jns.1957.14.1.0005. No abstract available.
Guo D, Shu K, Chen R, Ke C, Zhu Y, Lei T Microsurgical treatment of symptomatic sacral perineurial cysts. Neurosurgery. 2007 Jun;60(6):1059-65; discussion 1065-6. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000255457.12978.78.
Liu B, Wang Z, Lin G, Zhang J Radiculoplasty with reconstruction using 3D-printed artificial dura mater for the treatment of symptomatic sacral canal cysts: Two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Dec;97(49):e13289. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000013289.
Sharma M, SirDeshpande P, Ugiliweneza B, Dietz N, Boakye M A systematic comparative outcome analysis of surgical versus percutaneous techniques in the management of symptomatic sacral perineural (Tarlov) cysts: a meta-analysis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2019 Feb 8:1-12. doi: 10.3171/2018.10.SPINE18952. Online ahead of print.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
