Surgery — Patient Perception on the Role of Anesthesiologists
Citation(s)
Chew ST, Tan T, Tan SS, Ip-Yam PC A survey of patients' knowledge of anaesthesia and perioperative care. Singapore Med J. 1998 Sep;39(9):399-402.
Gottschalk A, Seelen S, Tivey S, Gottschalk A, Rich G What do patients know about anesthesiologists? Results of a comparative survey in an U.S., Australian, and German university hospital. J Clin Anesth. 2013 Mar;25(2):85-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2012.06.017. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
Hariharan S, Merritt-Charles L, Chen D Patient perception of the role of anesthesiologists: a perspective from the Caribbean. J Clin Anesth. 2006 Nov;18(7):504-9.
Nagrampa D, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Neelakanta G, Mojtahedzadeh M, Law A, Miller M A survey of anesthesiologists' role, trust in anesthesiologists, and knowledge and fears about anesthesia among predominantly Hispanic patients from an inner-city county preoperative anesthesia clinic. J Clin Anesth. 2015 Mar;27(2):97-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2014.05.012. Epub 2015 Jan 17.
Patient Perception on the Role of Anesthesiologists: a Survey on the Belgian Perspective
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
